The Demonstration at the Writing School
書法學堂的展現
10.1Monks, when the young child had grown a little older, he was taken to school. He went there amid hundreds of thousands of auspicious signs, and he was surrounded and attended by tens of thousands of boys, along with ten thousand carts filled with hard food, soft food, and condiments, and ten thousand carts filled with gold coins and gems. These were distributed in the streets and road junctions, and the entrances to the markets of the city of Kapilavastu. At the same time a symphony of eight hundred thousand cymbals was sounded, and a heavy rain of flowers fell.
10.1比丘們，當這位小王子年紀稍長之後，被送到學堂去讀書。他在數十萬的吉祥瑞相中前往，被成千上萬的男孩圍繞侍奉。同時有一萬輛車子裝滿了硬食物、軟食物和調味料，另有一萬輛車子裝滿了金幣和寶石。這些都在迦毘羅衛城的街道、路口和市場入口處散發。與此同時，八十萬面鐃鈸奏出了美妙的音樂，天空中下起了花雨。
Hundreds of thousands of girls, adorned with all kinds of jewelry, perched themselves on the balconies, turrets, arches, windows, [124] upper stories, and roofs of the homes. Gazing at the Bodhisattva, they tossed flowers. There were also eight thousand goddesses, who were adorned with loose hanging jewelry and carried bhadraṃkara gems. They went ahead of the Bodhisattva, cleansing his way. Gods, nāgas, yakṣas, gandharvas, demigods, garuḍas, kinnaras, and mahoragas revealed the upper halves of their bodies, and festooned wreaths of flowers and woven silk from the sky. All the Śākya factions, with King Śuddhodana leading the way, went ahead of the Bodhisattva. With such an array as this, the Bodhisattva was taken to school.
數百萬位少女，佩戴著各式各樣的珠寶，坐在住家的陽台、高塔、拱門、窗戶、樓上和屋頂上。她們注視著菩薩，拋撒鮮花。還有八千位天女，佩戴著鬆散垂掛的珠寶，手持賢瓶寶。她們走在菩薩前面，為他清掃道路。天神、龍、夜叉、乾闥婆、阿修羅、金翅鳥、緊那羅和大蟒蛇都顯露出上半身，從天空中垂掛花圈和絲綢編織品。所有的釋迦族人，以淨飯王為首，走在菩薩前面。就這樣盛大的陣容中，菩薩被帶到了學校。
10.2As soon as the Bodhisattva arrived in school, the schoolmaster, who was called Viśvāmitra, was unable to withstand the Bodhisattva’s splendor and radiance, and prostrated to him face-down on the ground. [F.66.a] A god from the Heaven of Joy called Śubhāṅga saw the schoolmaster collapsed on the ground and, grabbing him with his right hand, raised him up. Suspended in the sky, Śubhāṅga then spoke the following verses to King Śuddhodana and the crowd:
10.2菩薩一到學堂，那位名叫毘濕婆蜜多羅的老師承受不了菩薩的光輝和威勢，便俯身伏倒在地。一位來自喜樂天的天神，名叫妙色，看到老師倒在地上，便用右手抓住他，把他扶了起來。妙色懸浮在空中，對淨飯王和眾人說出了以下的偈頌：
“Whatever topics of knowledge are circulating in this world of humans—「世間人類中流傳的各種智慧知識——
Numbers, scripts, mathematics, the permutations of the elements,數字、文字、算術、界的變化，
And all the immeasurable mundane techniques of craftsmanship—以及一切無量的世間手藝技能——
This child already learned these things many tens of millions of eons ago.這個孩子在許多千萬劫以前就已經學會了這些東西。
“Nonetheless he acts solely in harmony with people.「然而他的行為完全是為了與眾人相應。」
The Well-Instructed One thus came to school for the sake of instruction,這位善教者為了教導而來到學校，
In order to mature many children for the Highest Vehicle為了使許多孩童成熟於最高乘
And to bring a myriad other beings to immortality. [125]並將無數的其他眾生引領到不死之境。[125]
“He knows the way of the path of the transcendent four truths.「他通曉超越四諦的道路。
He is adept in how things arise based on causes,他精通於事物如何根據因緣而生起。
And how the cessation and termination of conditioned existence leads to the calm state.以及涅槃與有為法的終止如何導向寂靜的狀態。
When he knows all that, how could he not know the subject of scripts?當他了解了所有這些時，他怎麼可能不知道經典的主題呢？
“There is no master superior to him throughout the three worlds;「在三界中，沒有比他更殊勝的主宰；
Among all gods and humans, he alone is foremost.在所有天神和人類當中，他獨自最為殊勝。
All of you do not know even the names of the scripts你們所有人甚至都不知道經典的名字
That he has learned before, many tens of millions of eons ago.他曾在許多千萬劫之前學過。
“This pure being knows in a single instant「這位清淨者在一瞬間就能夠認識
The manifold, diverse thoughts of beings.眾生種種多樣的念頭。
When he knows such invisible and formless things,當他知曉這樣的無形無色之物時，
Why mention the visible forms of scripts?”為什麼還要提到文字的可見色相呢？
When he had spoken these verses, the god honored the Bodhisattva with celestial flowers and immediately thereafter disappeared.
當他說完這些偈頌後，那位天神用天花敬禮菩薩，隨即消失了。
10.8The nannies and the entourage of maids were asked to stay at the school, while the remaining Śākyas, headed by Śuddhodana, departed. The Bodhisattva took up a writing board made of sandalwood. It was decorated with flecks of divine gold of prime quality and studded with precious gems on all sides. He then addressed the master Viśvāmitra:
10.8奶媽和女侍的隨從被要求留在學校，其餘釋迦族人在淨飯王的率領下離開了。菩薩拿起一塊檀香木製成的書寫板。它用上等的天界黃金點綴裝飾，四周鑲嵌著珍貴寶石。隨後他對導師毘濕婆蜜多羅說道：
10.9“Which script, O master, will you be teaching me? [F.66.b] Will it be the Brāhmī script, the Kharoṣṭī script, or the Puṣkarasāri script? Will it be the Aṅga script, the Vaṅga script, the Magadha script, the Maṅgalya script, the Aṅgulīya script, the Śakāri script, the Brahmavali script, the Pāruṣya script, the Drāviḍa script, the Kirāta script, the Dākṣiṇya script, the Ugra script, the Saṃkhyā script, the Anuloma script, the Avamūrdha script, [126] the Darada script, the Khāṣya script, the Cīna script, the Lūna script, the Hūṇa script, the Madhyākṣaravistara script, the Puṣpa script, the Deva script, the Nāga script, the Yakṣa script, the Gandharva script, the Kinnara script, the Mahoraga script, the Asura script, the Garuḍa script, the Mṛgacakra script, the Vāyasaruta script, the Bhaumadeva script, the Antarīkṣadeva script, the Uttarakurudvīpa script, the Aparagoḍānī script, the Pūrvavideha script, the Utkṣepa script, the Nikṣepa script, the Vikṣepa script, the Prakṣepa script, the Sāgara script, the Vajra script, the Lekhapratilekha script, the Anudruta script, the Śāstrāvarta script, the Gaṇanāvarta script, the Utkṣepāvarta script, the Nikṣepāvarta script, the Pādalikhita script, the Dviruttarapadasaṃdhi script, the Yāvaddaśottarapadasaṃdhi script, the Madhyāhāriṇī script, the Sarvarutasaṃgrahaṇī script, the Vidyānulomāvimiśrita script, the Ṛṣitapastapta script, the Rocamāna script, the Dharaṇīprekṣiṇī script, [F.67.a] the Gaganaprekṣiṇī script, the Sarvauṣadhiniṣyanda script, the Sarvasārasaṃgrahaṇī script, or the Sarvabhūtarutagrahaṇī script? Master, which of those sixty-four scripts will you teach me?”
10.9「尊敬的師父，您要教我哪一種文字呢？是婆羅米字、佉盧字、蓮華字、盎迦字、縛迦字、摩竭陀字、吉祥字、指字、釋迦字、梵行字、麤字、達羅毘字、吉羅荼字、南方字、猛字、數字、順字、下頂字、達剌陀字、佉赭字、中國字、路那字、匈奴字、中略文字、花字、天字、龍字、夜叉字、乾闥婆字、緊那羅字、大蟒蛇字、阿修羅字、金翅鳥字、鹿輪字、烏飛字、地天字、虛空天字、北俱盧洲字、西瞿陀尼字、東毘提訶字、上舉字、下舉字、分舉字、推舉字、海字、金剛杵字、書反書字、疾行字、論轉字、數轉字、上舉轉字、下舉轉字、足書字、雙上足相連字、十上足相連字、中受字、一切聲聚集字、明順雜字、仙人苦修字、光現字、陀羅尼見字、虛空見字、一切藥流字、一切精要聚集字、或是一切鬼神聲聞字呢？師父，這六十四種文字中，您要教我哪一種呢？」
10.10The schoolmaster Viśvāmitra was amazed, and he smiled. Setting aside pride, conceit, and arrogance, he replied with the following verses:
10.10師傅毘濕婆蜜多羅感到驚奇，臉上露出微笑。他放下了慢、傲慢與自大，用下面的偈頌回答說：
“How wonderful! Even though the Pure Being「多麼奇妙啊！儘管清淨者
Is learned in all the treatises, in the world他了解世間的所有典籍。
He follows the conventions of the world.他遵循世界的慣例。
Thus he has come to school.因此他來到了學校。
“He has learned scripts他已經學習了文字
Even the names of which連其名字都
Yet he has come to school.然而他還是來到了學校。
“Although I indeed see his face,「雖然我確實看到他的臉，
The crown of his head is out of sight.他的頭頂超越了視線之外。
If his knowledge of scripts is already perfect,如果他對文字的智慧已經圓滿，
How can I school him in that knowledge?我怎樣才能教導他這種智慧呢？
“This god, great god of gods,「這位天神，偉大的諸天之王，
Supreme divine scholar among all gods,諸天之中最殊勝的天界智者，
Is superior and without equal.優越無與倫比。
No person in the world is comparable to him. [127]世界上沒有任何人能與他相比。[127]
“Only because of his unparalleled expertise「只因為他無可比擬的智慧
In applying knowledge and means,在運用智慧和方便法門時，
Will I teach this learned being—我將教導這位博學的眾生——
The final refuge of all beings.”一切眾生的最終皈依。
10.15Monks, then the schoolmaster taught writing to the Bodhisattva, along with ten thousand other children. However, through the power of the Bodhisattva, as the schoolmaster was saying the alphabet to the children, he did it in the following manner:
10.15比丘們，那位教師隨後就教導菩薩學習書寫，同時還教導了一萬名其他的孩子。不過，由於菩薩的力量，當教師向孩子們教誦字母時，他是按照以下的方式進行的：
“When he said the letter a, out came the statement: ‘Every composite phenomenon is impermanent (anityaḥ sarvasaṃskāraḥ).’當他說出字母 a 時，就說出了這個陳述：「一切有為法都是無常的。」
When he said the letter ā, out came the statement: ‘Beneficial to self and others (ātmaparahita).’當他發音字母「ā」時，就說出了這句話：「自他俱利。」
When he said the letter i, out came the statement: ‘The vast development of the senses (indriyavaipulya).’當他發出「伊」音時，說出了「根海廣大」這樣的句子。
When he said the letter ī, out came the statement: ‘The world is riddled with plague (ītibahulaṃ jagat).’當他念誦字母「ī」時，說出了以下句子：「世間多此患（ītibahulaṃ jagat）。」
When he said the letter u, out came the statement: ‘The world is rife with misfortune (upadravabahulaṃ jagat).’當他說出字母 u 時，就發出了這樣的陳述：「世間多此患難（upadravabahulaṃ jagat）。」
When he said the letter ū, out came the statement: ‘The world is of little substance (ūnasattvaṃ jagat).’當他發出字母ū的音時，出現了這樣的陳述：「世間無實德。」
When he said the letter e, out came the statement: ‘Faults come from desire (eṣaṇāsamutthānadoṣa).’當他說出字母「e」時，就發出了這樣的陳述：「煩惱源自於貪（eṣaṇāsamutthānadoṣa）。」
When he said the letter ai, out came the statement: ‘The noble path is virtuous (airyāpathaḥ śreyāniti).’當他說出字母ai時，出現了這樣的陳述：「聖道最為勝。」
When he said the letter o, out came the statement: ‘The stream has been forded (oghottara).’ [F.67.b]當他說字母 o 時，就說出了這樣的陳述：「已經渡過了流。」
When he said the letter au, out came the statement: ‘Spontaneously generated (aupapāduka).’當他說出字母 au 時，就發出了這樣的陳述：「化生。」
When he said the letter aṃ, out came the statement: ‘The emergence of what is efficacious (amoghotpatti).’當他念誦「aṃ」字時，隨即出現這樣的說法：「不空成就的出現。」
When he said the letter aḥ, out came the statement: ‘Reaching an end (astaṃgamana).’當他說出「阿」字時，就出現了這樣的聲明：「達到終結（入沒）。」
“When he said the letter ka, out came the statement: ‘Immersion in the full ripening of actions (karmavipākāvatāra).’當他說出字母「卡」時，就發出了這樣的陳述：「沈浸於業成熟的圓滿之中（業成熟入）。」
When he said the letter kha, out came the statement: ‘All phenomena are like space (khasamasarvadharma).’當他念誦「喝」字時，出現了「一切法如虛空」的陳述。
When he said the letter ga, out came the statement: ‘Immersion in the profound Dharma of dependent origination (gambhīradharmapratītyasamutpādāvatāra).’當他念誦「迦」字時，出現了這樣的陳述：「沉浸於緣起深法之中。」
When he said the letter gha, out came the statement: ‘Eradicating the darkness of delusion and the thick veils of ignorance (ghanapaṭalāvidyāmohāndhakāravidhamana).’當他誦出字母gha時，出現了這樣的陳述：「消除癡的黑暗和無明的厚重障蔽。」
When he said the letter ṅ, out came the statement: ‘The complete purification of factors (aṅgaviśuddhi).’當他說出字母ṅ時，就說出了這樣的陳述：「諸因素的圓滿清淨（支分清淨）。」
“When he said the letter ca, out came the statement: ‘The path of the four noble truths (caturāryasatyapatha).’"當他說出字母'ca'時，隨之發出了這樣的言詞：『四聖諦之道。』"
When he said the letter cha, out came the statement: ‘Abandoning the passion of lust (chandarāgaprahāṇa).’當他說出字母cha時，就說出了這樣的陳述：「捨棄貪慾的熱情（chandarāgaprahāṇa）。」
When he said the letter ja, out came the statement: ‘Transcending old age and death (jarāmaraṇasamatikramaṇa).’當他說出字母ja時，隨即出現了這樣的句子：『超越老死(jarāmaraṇasamatikramaṇa)。』
When he said the letter jha, out came the statement: ‘Vanquishing the forces of the god of love (jhaṣadhvajabalanigrahaṇa).’當他說出字母「jha」時，出現了這樣的宣示：「征伏愛欲天神的力量。」
When he said the letter ña, out came the statement: ‘Making known (jñāpana).’當他說出字母「ña」時，就出現了這樣的開示：「進行開示（jñāpana）。」
“When he said the letter ṭa, out came the statement: ‘Severing the round of rebirths (vaṭṭopacchedana).’當他說出字母ṭa時，就說出了這個開示：「截斷再生的輪迴(vaṭṭopacchedana)。」
When he said the letter ṭha, out came the statement: ‘A question rejected out of hand (ṭhapanīyapraśna).’當他說出字母 ṭha 時，就出現了這樣的開示：「當面拒絕的問題（ṭhapanīyapraśna）。」
When he said the letter ḍa, out came the statement: ‘Vanquishing the evil one and those who cause discord (ḍamaramāranigrahaṇa).’當他說到字母ḍa時，出現了這樣的開示：「降伏魔和製造不和的人（ḍamaramāranigrahaṇa）。」
When he said the letter ḍha, out came the statement: ‘The impure regions (mīḍhaviṣayāḥ).’當他發出字母ḍha時，就出現了這樣的陳述：「不淨的領域。」
When he said the letter ṇa, out came the statement: ‘Afflictions are subtle (reṇukleśāḥ).’當他說出字母ṇa時，發出的陳述是：『煩惱極為微細（塵煩惱）』
“When he said the letter ta, out came the statement: ‘Suchness is undifferentiated (tathatāsaṃbheda).’當他說出字母ta時，便出現了這樣的表述：「如性無差別（真如不分別）。」
When he said the letter tha, out came the statement: ‘Strength, power, force, and self-confidence (thāmabalavegavaiśāradya).’當他說出字母「tha」時，便出現了這樣的陳述：「力量、能力、衝動與自信（thāmabalavegavaiśāradya）。」
When he said the letter da, out came the statement: ‘Generosity, discipline, restraint, and gentleness (dānadamasaṃyamasaurabhya).’當他念出字母 da 時，出現了這樣的陳述：「布施、調御、禁戒和溫柔（dānadamasaṃyamasaurabhya）。」
When he said the letter dha, out came the statement: ‘The wealth of the noble ones is sevenfold (dhanamāryāṇāṃ saptavidham).’當他說出字母dha時，出現了這樣的說法：「聖者的財富有七種（dhanamāryāṇāṃ saptavidham）。」
When he said the letter na, out came the statement: ‘Full knowledge of name and form (nāmarūpaparijñā).’當他說出字母那(na)時，就出現了這樣的陳述：「對名色的完全認識(nāmarūpaparijñā)。」
“When he said the letter pa, out came the statement: ‘The absolute (paramārtha).’當他說出字母pa時，便發出了這樣的陳述：「勝義。」
When he said the letter pha, out came the statement: ‘The actualization of the attainment of the fruition (phalaprāptisākṣātkriyā).’當他說出字母帕時，就說出了這樣的法句：「果的證得實現（果獲得現證）。」
When he said the letter ba, out came the statement: ‘Liberation from bondage (bandhanamokṣa).’當他說出字母「ba」時，隨之而出的陳述是：「從束縛中的解脫（bandhanamokṣa）。」
[128] When he said the letter bha, out came the statement: ‘The destruction of existence (bhavavibhava).’當他說字母婆時，出現了這樣的陳述：「輪迴的毀滅。」
When he said the letter ma, out came the statement: ‘The cessation of arrogance and pride (madamānopaśamana).’當他說出字母「瑪」時，就發出了這樣的陳述：「醉與慢的息滅（madamānopaśamana）。」
“When he said the letter ya, [F.68.a] out came the statement: ‘Understanding phenomena exactly as they are (yathāvaddharmaprativedha).’當他說出「耶」這個字母時，隨即出現了這樣的陳述：「如實現觀諸法。」
When he said the letter ra, out came the statement: ‘Dissatisfaction with pleasure is delighting in the absolute (ratyaratiparamārtharati).’當他說出字母「羅」時，便出現了這樣的陳述：「對樂受的不滿是對勝義的喜悅。」
When he said the letter la, out came the statement: ‘Severing the vine (latāchedana).’當他說出字母啦時，出現了這樣的陳述：「斷除藤蔓（執著的根源）。」
When he said the letter va, out came the statement: ‘The best vehicle (varayāna).’當他說出「婆」這個字母時，就說出了這樣的論述：「最殊勝的乘（殊勝乘）」。
“When he said the letter śa, out came the statement: ‘Calm abiding and insight (śamathavipaśyanā).’當他說出「舍」字時，就流露出這個陳述：「奢摩他與毘缽舍那（止與觀）。」
When he said the letter ṣa, out came the statement: ‘Destroying the six sense bases and obtaining the superknowledges and wisdoms (ṣaḍāyatananigrahaṇābhijñajñānāvāpti).’當他說到字母「札」時，出現了這樣的陳述：「摧伏六根並獲得神通和智慧。」
When he said the letter sa, out came the statement: ‘Attaining the perfect awakening to omniscient wisdom (sarvajñajñānābhisaṃbodhana).’當他說出字母sa時，隨即出現這樣的聲明：「證得一切智智的無上正等正覺（sarvajñajñānābhisaṃbodhana）。」
When he said the letter ha, out came the statement: ‘Destroying the afflictions and parting from desire (hatakleśavirāga).’當他念誦字母「哈」時，出現了這樣的言句：「摧毀煩惱，遠離貪欲（摧毀煩惱遠離貪）。」
When he said the letter kṣa, out came the statement: ‘Reaching the end of letters, all phenomena are ineffable (kṣaraparyantābhilāpya sarvadharma).’ ”當他念誦字母「克沙」時，就顯現出這樣的說法：「達到字母的究竟，一切法都是不可言說的。」
10.24Thus, while the schoolmaster taught the children the alphabet, there emerged innumerable hundreds of thousands of excellent Dharma teachings due to the Bodhisattva’s power. Moreover, while the Bodhisattva was attending school, 32,000 children gave rise to thoughts aimed at unexcelled, perfect, and complete awakening. This is the circumstance and the reason why the Bodhisattva attended school, even though he was already so learned.
10.24就這樣，當這位老師教導孩子們學習字母時，由於菩薩的力量，產生了無數百千個殊勝的法教。而且，在菩薩上學期間，有三萬二千個孩子生起了追求無上正等覺的意念。這就是菩薩雖然已經學問淵博，但仍然去上學的原因和緣由。
10.25This concludes the tenth chapter, on the demonstration at the writing school.
