Chapter 71: The Teaching on the Unchanging True Nature
第七十一章：不變真實本質之教示
71.1Then the venerable Subhūti asked the Blessed One, “Blessed Lord, the sameness of all phenomena is empty of inherent existence—there is nothing at all that does anything to anything. Since all phenomena do nothing whatsoever and are nothing whatsoever, how is it that, when bodhisattva great beings practice the perfection of wisdom, they do not stir from ultimate truth [F.341.a] but still act for the sake of all beings through [the attractive qualities of] generosity, pleasant speech, purposeful activity, and harmony?”
71.1尊者須菩提問世尊道：「薄伽梵，一切諸法的平等性是無自性空的——根本沒有任何東西對任何東西做什麼。既然一切諸法什麼都不做，什麼都不是，那麼菩薩摩訶薩修習般若波羅密多時，為什麼不離開勝義諦，卻仍然為了一切眾生的利益而通過布施、愛語、利行和同事來行動呢？」
71.2“Subhūti, it is so! It is just as you have said,” replied the Blessed One. “Emptiness does not do anything to anything at all, nor does it not do anything to anything at all. If beings themselves knew emptiness, there would not be [a need for] the power of the tathāgatas’ leadership, whereby without stirring from emptiness they separate all beings from the notion of self, and having separated them from the notion of self, liberate them from cyclic existence through emptiness; or separate them from the notion of beings, the notion of life forms, the notion of living beings , the notion of life , the notion of living creatures, the notion of individual personalities, the notion of human beings , the notion of people , the notion of actors, the notion of petitioners, the notion of experiencers, the notion of knowers, and the notion of viewers, and having separated them from the notion of viewers [and so forth], liberate them from cyclic existence through emptiness; or separate them from the notion of physical forms, and having separated them from the notion of physical forms, liberate them from cyclic existence through emptiness; {Ki.VIII: 177} or separate them from the notion of feelings, perceptions, formative predispositions, and consciousness, and having separated them from the notion of consciousness [and so forth], liberate them from cyclic existence through emptiness; or separate them from the notion of the sense fields, the sensory elements, and the links of dependent origination, and having separated them from the notion of the links of dependent origination [and so forth], liberate them from cyclic existence through emptiness; or separate them from the notion of conditioned elements, and having separated them from the notion of conditioned elements, establish them in the unconditioned expanse, which is also empty.”
71.2「須菩提，確實如此！正如你所說的一樣，」世尊答道。「空不對任何事物做什麼，也不是不對任何事物做什麼。如果眾生自己了知空，就不需要如來的力量的引導，如來的力量使得眾生在不離開空的情況下，將所有眾生從我想中分離出來，將他們從我想中分離出來後，透過空將他們從輪迴中解脫；或者將他們從眾生想、有情想、壽者想、生者想、命者想、士夫想、人想、民想、作者想、受者想、知者想、見者想中分離出來，將他們從見者想等中分離出來後，透過空將他們從輪迴中解脫；或者將他們從色想中分離出來，將他們從色想中分離出來後，透過空將他們從輪迴中解脫；或者將他們從受想、想、行、識中分離出來，將他們從識等中分離出來後，透過空將他們從輪迴中解脫；或者將他們從處、界、緣起支中分離出來，將他們從緣起支等中分離出來後，透過空將他們從輪迴中解脫；或者將他們從有為法想中分離出來，將他們從有為法想中分離出來後，將他們安立在也是空的無為界中。」
71.3“Blessed Lord, of what is that [unconditioned expanse] empty?” [F.341.b]
71.3「世尊，那[無為界]是空什麼呢？」
“It is empty of all notions,” replied the Blessed One. “Subhūti, if someone were to conjure up a phantom emanation, would there be any entity in it, which is not emptiness?”
「它空於一切想。」世尊答道。「須菩提，如果有人變化出一個影像化身，其中會有任何不是空的有嗎？」
71.4“No, Blessed Lord! There would be no entity at all in that phantom emanation that would not be emptiness. {Ki.VIII: 178} Both emptiness and the phantom emanation are neither conjoined nor disjoined. Indeed, both are empty owing to emptiness. If this is the case, why is this point concealed when it is said, ‘This is emptiness. That is a phantom emanation’? If one were to ask why, it is because neither emptiness nor the phantom emanation is apprehended in emptiness.”
71.4「不是的，薄伽梵！那個影像中根本沒有任何實體不是空。空與影像既不相應也不不相應。確實，兩者都因為空而空。如果是這樣，為什麼當說『這是空，那是影像』時，這一點就被隱藏了呢？如果有人問為什麼，那是因為在空中既沒有空被執著，也沒有影像被執著。」
71.5“Subhūti,” continued the Blessed One, “there is nothing in physical forms, feelings, perceptions, formative predispositions, or consciousness that is not a phantom emanation, and any phantom emanation is empty.”
71.5「須菩提，」世尊繼續說，「在色、受、想、行、識中，沒有任何東西不是化身，而任何化身都是空的。」
71.6“Blessed Lord, if mundane phenomena are phantom emanations, are supramundane phenomena—the four applications of mindfulness, the four correct exertions, the four supports for miraculous ability, the five faculties, the five powers, the seven branches of enlightenment, the noble eightfold path, the three gateways of liberation, the four truths of the noble ones, all the aspects of emptiness, the eight aspects of liberation, the nine serial steps of meditative absorption, all the meditative stabilities, all the dhāraṇī gateways, the ten powers of the tathāgatas, the four fearlessnesses, the four kinds of exact knowledge, great loving kindness, great compassion, the eighteen distinct qualities of the buddhas, and [F.342.a] their fruits through which individual persons are established as entering the stream to nirvāṇa, being destined for only one more rebirth, being no longer subject to rebirth, arhats, pratyekabuddhas, and tathāgatas, arhats, completely awakened buddhas—not also similar to a phantom emanation?”
71.6「世尊啊，如果世間法是影像化身，那麼出世間法——四念處、四正勤、四神足、五根、五力、七覺支、八正道、三解脫門、四聖諦、一切空性、八解脫、九次第定、一切三摩地、一切陀羅尼門、如來十力、四無所畏、四無礙智、大慈、大悲、十八不共法，以及透過這些法而使個人得以確立為預流向、一來向、阿那含、阿羅漢、辟支佛和如來、阿羅漢、完全覺悟的佛陀的果位——這些也不是類似於影像化身嗎？」
71.7“Subhūti,” replied the Blessed One, “all phenomena are phantom emanations. Some are emanated by śrāvakas. Some are emanated by pratyekabuddhas. Some are emanated by bodhisattvas. Some are emanated by tathāgatas. Some are emanated by afflicted mental states. Some are emanated by past actions. For this reason, Subhūti, all phenomena are phantom emanations.”
71.7「須菩提，」世尊回答說，「一切諸法都是影像化身。有些是由聲聞所化現的。有些是由辟支佛所化現的。有些是由菩薩所化現的。有些是由如來所化現的。有些是由煩惱所化現的。有些是由往業所化現的。因此，須菩提，一切諸法都是影像化身。」
71.8“Blessed Lord, are the attributes of ‘abandonment,’ which are associated with the fruit of entering the stream to nirvāṇa, the fruit of being destined for only one more rebirth, the fruit of no longer being subject to rebirth, arhatship, the level of the pratyekabuddhas, the level of the buddhas, and the abandonment of all the connecting propensities, also phantom emanations?”
71.8「薄伽梵，與預流果、一來果、不還果、阿羅漢果、辟支佛地、佛地相關聯的『捨棄』之屬性，以及一切相續習氣的捨棄，這些也都是影像化身嗎？」
“Subhūti, all phenomena whatsoever that have arisen or ceased are phantom emanations,” replied the Blessed One.
「須菩提，凡是已經生起或已經滅去的一切諸法，都是影像，」世尊回答說。
71.9“Blessed Lord, what is not a phantom emanation?”
71.9「世尊，什麼不是化身呢？」
“That which is without arising or ceasing is not a phantom emanation,” replied the Blessed One. {Ki.VIII: 179}
「那就是：沒有生也沒有滅的，不是化。」世尊回答說。
71.10“What is that?”
71.10「那是什麼？」
“Peerless nirvāṇa—that is not a phantom emanation,” replied the Blessed One.
「無上涅槃——那不是影像。」世尊回答說。
71.11“The Blessed One has said, ‘There is no stirring at all from emptiness, nor is duality apprehended. There is nothing at all that is not emptiness.’ Therefore, Blessed Lord, peerless nirvāṇa is also a phantom emanation.”
71.11「世尊曾經說過，『從空中沒有任何動搖，也不執著二元，沒有任何東西不是空。』因此，薄伽梵，無上涅槃也是影像。」
71.12“Subhūti, it is so! It is so,” [F.342.b] replied the Blessed One. “Subhūti, all phenomena are empty. They have not been created by the śrāvakas. They have not been created by the pratyekabuddhas. They have not been created by bodhisattva great beings. They have not been created by tathāgatas, arhats, completely awakened buddhas. The emptiness of inherent existence is nirvāṇa.”
71.12「須菩提，確實如此！確實如此，」世尊回答道。「須菩提，一切法皆空。它們不是由聲聞所創造的。它們不是由辟支佛所創造的。它們不是由菩薩摩訶薩所創造的。它們不是由如來、阿羅漢、正遍知佛所創造的。自性空就是涅槃。」
71.13Subhūti then asked, “Blessed Lord, how should an individual who is a beginner be instructed and advised, so as to understand the emptiness of inherent existence?”
71.13須菩提隨即提問：「薄伽梵，應該如何教導和勸告初學者，使其理解自性空？」
71.14“Subhūti,” replied the Blessed One, “has there been an entity in the past that will become a nonentity in the future? In this regard, Subhūti, since there is no entity, no nonentity, no inherent existence, and no extraneous entity, how could there possibly be something called the emptiness of inherent existence that they should comprehend!”
71.14「須菩提，」世尊回答道，「過去曾經有過有實物，而到未來會變成無實物嗎？在這方面，須菩提，既然沒有有實物，沒有無實物，沒有自體存在，也沒有外在的實物，那麼怎麼可能有什麼叫做自性空的東西，讓他們去理解呢！」
71.15This completes the seventy-first chapter, “The Teaching on the Unchanging True Nature,” from “The Perfection of Wisdom in Twenty-Five Thousand Lines.” [B76] {Ki.VIII: 145}
71.15（結尾）