Chapter 12: The King’s Treatise: The Commitment of the Lord of Devas
第十二章 國王的論述：《天帝品》
12.1[B4] I pay homage to the bhagavat tathāgata arhat samyaksaṃbuddha Ratnakusumaguṇasāgaravaiḍūryakanakagirisuvarṇakāñcanaprabhāsaśrī. [F.37.a]
12.1我向世尊如來阿羅漢正等正覺者寶花功德海琉璃金山黃金莊嚴光明吉祥禮敬。
12.2I pay homage to Śākyamuni, who lights the lamp of the Dharma, the bhagavat tathāgata arhat samyaksaṃbuddha whose body is adorned by many hundreds of thousands of quintillions of qualities.
12.2我禮敬釋迦牟尼，他點燃了法的燈火，是世尊如來阿羅漢正等正覺者，其身體被無數百千兆的功德所莊嚴。
12.3I pay homage to the great goddess Śrī, who has a perfection of immeasurable grains and a fortune of qualities.
12.3我禮敬偉大的女神吉祥天，她具有無量穀物的波羅蜜和品質的福報。
12.4I pay homage to the great goddess Sarasvatī, in whom is the unity of measureless qualities of wisdom.
12.4我禮敬偉大的女神辯才天女，她具有無量智慧功德的圓滿統一。
12.5“Then, at that time, King Balendraketu said to his son, King Ruciraketu , soon after he was enthroned and when he was the new sovereign, ‘Soon after I was enthroned, I received from my father, King Varendraketu, the treatise on kingship called The Commitment of the Lord of Devas. For twenty thousand years I ruled in accordance with this treatise on kingship, The Commitment of the Lord of Devas. Up until now, I have not been known to follow any ways that are not the Dharma for even an instant. So, son, what is this treatise on kingship, The Commitment of the Lord of Devas?’
12.5「那時，日月光王對他的兒子妙幢菩薩說，就在他登上王位之後，當他成為新的統治者時：『我登上王位後不久，我從我的父親大日月光王那裡收到了一部名為《天帝品》的王道論文。我按照這部名為《天帝品》的王道論文統治了二萬年。直到現在，我沒有被發現在任何一個瞬間遵循過不合乎法的方式。所以，我的兒子，這部名為《天帝品》的王道論文是什麼呢？』」
12.6“Then, at that time, in that time, noble goddess, King Balendraketu taught extensively, through these verses, the treatise on kingship, The Commitment of the Lord of Devas, to his son King Ruciraketu :
12.6「爾時彼時，尊貴的女神啊，日月光王通過這些偈頌，將名為《天帝品》的治國論典廣泛地教導給他的兒子妙幢王：
“ ‘I will teach the treatise on kingship
"我將教導統治王國的論著
Which benefits all beings,
利益一切眾生的
Cuts through all doubts,
斷除一切疑惑，
And destroys all wrongdoing.
摧毀一切惡業。
“ ‘Each and every king,
「每一位國王，
Have a joyful mind!
歡喜心！
And with palms together, listen to
而且合掌恭敬，聽受
All the commitments of the lord of devas.
天神之主的一切誓願。
“ ‘On this lord of mountains, Vajraprākara,
「在這座山主須彌金剛山上，
The lords of the devas assembled,
天神之主集聚在一起，
And the protectors of the world stood up
世界的保護者們站了起來
In order to question the lord of Brahmās:
為了向梵天之主提出疑問：
“ ‘ “You, Brahmā, the principal deity, [F.37.b]
「『你，梵天，主要的天神，
The one who is the lord over all devas,
統領所有天人的那一位，
We pray that you cut through our doubts
我們祈禱你消除我們的疑惑
And cut through our concerns.
並斷除我們的憂慮。
“ ‘ “Why is a king, who has been born
"為什麼在人間出生的國王，
In the human world, called a deva?
在人間世界中，為什麼被稱為天神？
For what reason is a king
國王為什麼被稱為
Given the title of ‘son of the devas’?
為什麼稱他為「天人之子」？
“ ‘ “If he is a deva, then why is it that
「如果他是天人，那麼為什麼
He is born into this world of humans,
他出生在這個人類的世界中，
Becomes a lord of humans,
成為人類的主宰，
And acts as a king for humans?”
並且如同天神一樣為人類之王統治？」
“ ‘The protectors of the world asked
「世界的保護者們提出了問題
Those questions of the lord of Brahmās,
梵天之主的那些提問，
And that principal deity, Brahmā,
那位主要的天神梵天
Said these words to the protectors of the world:
對護世者說了這些話：
“ ‘ “The world protectors have thus
「『「護世者們這樣
Asked me such kinds of questions,
問我這樣的問題，
So I will teach an excellent treatise
因此，我將教導一部殊勝的論典。
In order to bring benefit to beings.
為了利益眾生。
“ ‘ “I will describe the births
我將描述諸生
Of kings within human existences
人類存在中的眾多君主的生世。
And the causes through which
以及因緣，通過這些因緣
They become the kings of their domains.
他們成為各自領域的國王。
“ ‘ “Blessed by the lords of devas,
「受到天神之主的祝福，
He will enter the mother’s uterus,
他將進入母親的子宮。
First, he is blessed by the devas,
首先，他得到天人的祝福，
And afterward, he comes into the womb.
之後，他進入母親的子宮。
“ ‘ “Although born in the human world,
「雖然生在人間，
He becomes a lord of humans.
他成為人類的統治者。
As he is born from the devas,
因為他是從天人中出生，
He is called ‘a son of the devas.’
他被稱為「天人之子」。
“ ‘ “The deva lords of Trāyastriṃśa state,
"三十三天的天神領主們說，
‘You are the child of all the devas.’
「你是所有天人的孩子。」
They bestow upon him the right to be king
他們授予他成為國王的權利。
And he emanates to become a lord of humans.
他化現成為人類的統治者。
“ ‘ “He brings to an end all evil acts
「他終結所有的惡業
And destroys that which is not Dharma.
並摧滅非法之物。
He establishes beings in good works
他使眾生安住於善業中
In order to direct them to the paradises.
為了引導他們進入天堂。
“ ‘ “The lord of men, whether
"人類或乾闥婆的主宰，無論
A human or a gandharva,
人類或乾闥婆，
A caṇḍāla or a rākṣasa,
一個旃陀羅或一個羅剎，
Prevents wickedness.
防止邪惡。
“ ‘ “The lord of men is a father and mother
「『人之君主是父母
For those who engage in good actions.
對於從事善行的人。
He has been blessed by the kings of devas
他已經蒙受天神之王的祝福
To teach them the ripening of results.
為了教導他們業果的成熟。
“ ‘ “He has been blessed by the kings of devas
「他蒙天人之王的祝福
In order to teach the ripened results
為了教導業果的成熟
Of the karma of performing good actions
行持善業的業果
And performing bad actions in this life.
以及在今生進行不善業的行為。
“ ‘ “Whenever a king does nothing about
「『「每當國王對於
The wicked inhabitants in his realm [F.38.a]
那些邪惡的居民在他的王國裡
And does not appropriately punish
並且沒有適當地懲罰
The people who are guilty of bad acts,
那些犯了惡行的人民，
“ ‘ “And ignores the evils that are done,
「而且忽視所做的惡行，
Then unrighteousness will increase greatly,
那麼不義之行將會大幅增長，
Conflicts and dishonesty
衝突與不誠實
Will subsequently arise in the land,
將隨之在世間興起，
“ ‘ “And the lords of devas will be disturbed
「而天人的諸位主宰將會感到擾亂
Within their Trāyastriṃśa palace.
在他們的三十三天宮殿內。
Whenever a king does nothing about
當國王對此無所作為時，
The wicked inhabitants in his realm,
他的境域裡那些邪惡的居民，
“ ‘ “Then there will be terrible dishonesty,
"那麼就會有可怕的不誠實，
And dreadful people will vanquish his land.
可怕的人民將會征服他的土地。
The armies of adversaries will invade
敵軍將會入侵
And will completely destroy that land,
並將徹底摧毀那片國土，
“ ‘ “And they will destroy property and families.
「他們會摧毀財產和家族。」
People will steal from one another,
人們會互相盜竊。
Using many forms of dishonesty,
用許多欺騙的方式，
Whatever wealth has been accumulated.
所有積累的財富。
“ ‘ “There are the duties of kingship,
「有國王的責任，
And if those activities are not carried out,
如果那些職責沒有被執行，
Then he will destroy his own kingdom
那麼他將摧毀自己的王國
Like a king of elephants destroys a pond.
就像象王摧毀池塘一樣。
“ ‘ “Disastrous winds will blow,
「災難的風會吹襲，
Disastrous rains will fall,
災難的雨水將會降下，
And the sun, the moon, the planets,
日輪、月輪、諸星曜，
And lunar asterisms will bring disaster.
月亮的星宿會帶來災禍。
“ ‘ “In the land where the king is impassive,
「『在國王冷漠無情的國土中，
Seeds, harvests, flowers, and fruit
種子、收成、花朵和果實
Will fail to ripen properly
將無法成熟
And famines will occur.
飢荒就會發生。
“ ‘ “Whenever a king does nothing about
「『當國王對於
The wicked inhabitants in his realm,
王國中的邪惡居民，
Then the devas in their palaces
那時天人在他們的宮殿中
Will at that time become displeased.
那時就會變得不悅。
“ ‘ “All of those lords of devas
「『「那些所有的天神之主
Will be saying to one another,
會彼此互相說著，
‘This king has no righteousness;
「這位國王沒有正義；
『那時，所有的天神之主
會彼此說著，
「他站在不正義的一邊。」』
He is on the side of unrighteousness.’
他站在不正義的一方。
“ ‘ “Such a king will before long
「這樣的國王不久就會
Cause the devas to be disturbed,
使天人感到煩惱，
And because the devas are disturbed,
因為天人被擾亂，
His kingdom will be completely destroyed.
他的王國將被完全摧毀。
“ ‘ “Unrighteousness will arise in that land,
「不正義會在那個國家出現，
And it will also be destroyed by weapons.
並且也會被武器所毀滅。
Dishonesty and conflicts
不誠實和衝突
And also illness will arise.
疾病也會隨之而生。
“ ‘ “The lords of devas will be enraged
「天神的主宰將會憤怒
And the devas will abandon him.
天人將會遠離他。
The kingdom will be destroyed
王國將被摧毀
And the king will encounter misery.
而且國王將會遭遇苦難。
“ ‘ “He will be separated from those he loves
「他將與他所愛的人分離
Whether they be brothers or sons.
無論他們是兄弟或是兒子。
He will even be separated from his beloved wife [F.38.b]
他甚至會與親愛的妻子分離。
Or it will be that his daughter will die.
或者他的女兒會死亡。
“ ‘ “There will be shooting stars that will fall,
「會有流星墜落，
And similarly there will appear comets,
同樣地，也會出現彗星，
And the armies of invading enemies
入侵的敵軍隊伍
And famines will drastically take place.
並且會發生嚴重的飢荒。
“ ‘ “His cherished minister and
「他所寵愛的大臣和
Cherished elephant will die.
珍愛的象會死亡。
Afterward, his cherished
其後，他所鍾愛的
Camels will also die.
駱駝也將死去。
“ ‘ “People will steal from one another
人們將互相竊取
Homes, possessions, and wealth.
家宅、財產和財富。
In this and that region, they will
在這個地方和那個地方，他們將會
Strike one another with weapons.
互相用武器攻擊彼此。
“ ‘ “There will arise in those regions
「那些地區將會出現
Fighting, quarreling, and dishonesty.
鬥爭、爭執和欺誑。
A demon will enter the kingdom
一個惡魔將進入這個國家
And there will be dreadful illnesses.
並且會有可怕的疾病。
“ ‘ “After that, even the recipients of
「在那之後，即使是受供養的人
Offerings will become unrighteous.
供養將會變得不清淨。
His court and his ministers
他的宮廷和他的大臣們
Will also become unrighteous.
也會變得不正直。
“ ‘ “Those individuals who are righteous
「那些行為正直的人們
Will constantly be punished.
將會不斷受到懲罰。
If unrighteous individuals are honored
如果不正直的人受到尊崇
And the righteous are punished,
而正直的人卻遭受懲罰，
“ ‘ “Because the malevolent are loved and honored,
「因為惡人被喜愛和尊敬，
And because the good are punished,
因為善人遭受懲罰，
In that place water, lunar asterisms,
在那個地方，水、月宿、
And wind, those three, will become agitated.
水、月宿和風這三者將會變得紊亂。
“ ‘ “If unrighteous beings are favored,
「如果不正義的眾生受到眷顧，
There are three things that will be destroyed:
有三樣東西將會被毀壞：
The vital essence of the flavor of the Dharmas,
法的風味的生命精華，
The vitality of beings, and the fecundity of the earth.
眾生的生命活力，以及大地的豐饒。
“ ‘ “Through honoring evil people
「『通過尊敬惡人
And dishonoring good people,
以及不尊敬善良的人，
There are three things that will occur:
將會發生三件事：
Death, lightning, and famine.
死亡、閃電和饑荒。
“ ‘ “Afterward, the vitality and flavor
「隨後，生命力與滋味
Of fruits and harvests will vanish,
水果和收穫將會消失，
And in those regions there will be
在那些地區將會出現
A multitude of people with illnesses.
許多患有疾病的人。
“ ‘ “Although that land had fruits
「雖然那個地方曾有果實
That were large and sweet,
那些地方雖然原本有著碩大甘美的果實，
They will become bitter and hot,
它們將變成苦澀和炎熱。
And they will become small.
它們將變得又小又苦。
“ ‘ “Games, amusements, and pleasures,
「遊戲、娛樂和快樂，
Those things that previously had been enjoyed,
那些以前曾經被享受過的東西，
Will be disliked and no longer pleasurable,
將被厭棄，不再令人感到快樂。
And instead there will be dismay from hundreds of troubles.
反而會有百般憂苦帶來的惶恐不安。
“ ‘ “The luster and the vitality
「「「光澤和生命力
Of the harvests and fruits will perish,
收穫和果實將會衰敗消亡，
And they will not bring satisfaction
他們將不會帶來滿足
To the body, the elements, or the senses. [F.39.a]
對於身體、四大元素或感官。
“ ‘ “Beings will have bad complexions,
「眾生將會面容醜陋，
Little strength, and will be emaciated.
力氣微弱，身體瘦削。
Even though they eat a lot of food,
縱然他們進食很多食物，
They will not become satiated.
他們將無法得到飽足。
“ ‘ “They will afterward cease to have
「他們此後將不再擁有
Strength, power, and diligence.
力量、能力和精進。
In that land, there will be
在那片土地上，將會有
Beings with weak diligence.
精進微弱的眾生。
“ ‘ “There will be many sick beings
「將會有許多患病的眾生
Afflicted by various diseases.
被各種疾病所困擾。
There will planets and lunar asterisms
將會有行星和月宿
That arise from various rākṣasas.
那些由各種羅剎所引起的疾病。
“ ‘ “The king who is not righteous,
「不正直的國王，
Who is on the side of unrighteousness,
誰站在不正義的一方，
Will in the circle of the three worlds
將在三界的輪迴中
Be destructive for the three realms.
對三界造成破壞。
“ ‘ “When those on the side of the king
「當那些站在國王一方的人
Who perform evil acts are left alone,
那些從事邪惡行為的人被置之不理，
Then many of such evil actions
那時許多此類惡行
Will arise within those lands.
那些土地中就會產生許多惡行。
“ ‘ “If the king ignores evil actions,
「如果國王忽視惡行，
He does not fulfill the purpose
他沒有完成目的
For which the lords of devas
為此天神的諸位統領
Blessed him to become a king.
祝福他成為國王。
“ ‘ “Through having done good actions,
「『透過做了善的行為，
Beings are reborn in the paradises.
眾生投生到天堂中。
Through doing bad actions, they are
通過做壞事，他們會
Reborn as pretas, in hells, and as animals.
轉生為餓鬼、地獄和畜生。
“ ‘ “Whenever a king does nothing about
「當國王不採取任何行動時，
The wicked inhabitants in his realm,
王國裡的惡行之人，
Then through those evil acts being done,
那麼因為這些惡行被做出來，
Beings will fall from the Trāyastriṃśa paradise.
眾生將從三十三天失墮。
“ ‘ “If he is not acting as a king,
「如果他不按照國王的身份去行動，
Then he will also not be a son,
那麼他也將不是一個兒子。
And in the realm of his fathers, the deva kings,
在他的父親們的領域裡，那些天神國王，
He will have become guilty of a crime.
他將因此犯下罪業。
“ ‘ “When a kingdom is being destroyed
「當一個國家正在被摧毀時
By extremely terrible dishonesty,
通過極其可怕的不誠實，
It is for that reason that the lords of devas
正因為如此，天神之主
Blessed him to become a king in the human realm.
祝福他在人間成為國王。
“ ‘ “A king is someone who manifests
"一位國王是展現"
For beings the results of karma in that life.
為了眾生在那一生中業力的果報。
He is someone who initiates good actions
他是促進善良行為的人
In order to cause evil acts to cease.
為了使惡業停止。
“ ‘ “Someone is called a king because their actions
「一個人被稱為國王，是因為他的行為
Are in order to teach the difference between
是為了教導區分
The results that ripen from the karma
從業所成熟的果報
Of having done good or having done bad.
做了善事或做了惡事的業果。
“ ‘ “He was blessed by the multitudes of devas
「他受到眾多天人的祝福
For the benefit of himself and the benefit of others,
為了自己的利益和他人的利益，
And for the benefit of the Dharma in that land,
並為了那個地方的法的利益，
And all those devas are gladdened by him. [F.39.b]
所有那些天人都被他所喜悅。
“ ‘ “To subdue the deceitful, evil people
「『「為了調伏奸詐、邪惡的人
Who are inhabitants in his domains,
在他的領域中居住的人們，
And to benefit the Dharma in his kingdom,
為了使他的王國中的法受益，
He will give away his life and his kingship.
他將捨棄自己的生命和王位。
“ ‘ “To accept unrighteousness
「接受不正當的行為
And to knowingly pay it no attention
而故意不去理會它
Is a dreadful danger for the realm
是對王國的可怕威脅
With which nothing else can compare.
沒有任何東西能與之相比。
“ ‘ “When there is the appearance of dishonesty,
「當出現不誠實的現象時，
If those who are dishonest are not punished,
如果那些不誠實的人沒有受到懲罰，
Then afterward there will be in the land
之後這個國家裡將會出現
Extremely dreadful dishonest people.
極其可怕的不誠實之人。
“ ‘ “They will destroy that kingdom
「他們將摧毀那個王國
Like elephants do a great pond.
如同大象踐踏大池塘一樣。
The lords of devas will also become angry,
天人的主宰也會感到憤怒，
And it will bring ruin to the paradises.
這將會給天堂帶來毀滅。
“ ‘ “Everything in the land
「『「大地中的一切事物
Will become pernicious.
就會變成有害的。
Therefore, the evil actions of those who
因此，那些邪惡之人的惡業
Are wicked should be successively subdued.
應當依次制伏那些心懷邪惡者的惡行。
“ ‘ “He should protect the kingdom with righteousness,
「他應該用正義來保護王國，
And he should never practice unrighteousness.
他也不應該違背正義進行任何行為。
He should not become a sinful lord,
他不應該成為一位有罪過的統治者，
Even if he has to give up his life.
即使他必須捨棄自己的生命。
“ ‘ “Toward his family and other people,
「對於他的家人和其他人民，
Toward all the people in his kingdom,
對於他的國家中的全體人民，
The king should not show favoritism
國王不應該表現出偏私。
Through which he will fall into bias.
他會因此陷入偏心。
“ ‘ “The renown of a king who is
「『「有名聲的國王，他的
Righteous will fill the three worlds,
正義將充滿三界，
And he will bring joy to the lords of devas
他將給天神的眾主帶來喜悅
Who are in the Trāyastriṃśa paradise.
住在三十三天的天人。
“ ‘ “They will think, ‘Our son in Jambudvīpa
"他們會想，'我們在閻浮提的兒子
Is in this way a righteous king.
以這樣的方式是一位正義的法王。
He displays a Dharma kingdom,
他建立了一個法的王國，
And establishes beings in good actions.’
並確立眾生於善業中。
“ ‘ “The king, through his good actions,
「國王透過他的善行，
Inspires beings in this world to think
激勵這個世界的眾生去思考
That the paradises are being filled
天人及天人的子嗣正在充滿著天堂。
With devas and the children of devas.
與天人及天人的子民。
“ ‘ “Displaying there a Dharma kingdom
「在那裡展示一個法王的國度
Will cause the kings to rejoice.
將使得那些國王歡喜。
The lords of devas will favor him,
天人的領主將會恩寵他，
And they will protect that human king.
他們會保護那位人間的法王。
“ ‘ “The sun, the moon, and similarly
「日、月及如是
The lunar asterisms will move perfectly.
月亮宮宿將完美地運行。
The winds will arise at the proper times,
風會在適當的時刻吹起，
And the rains will also come at the right time.
而且雨水也會在適當的時候降下。
“ ‘ “There will be excellent harvests in the kingdom
「『國中會有豐收
And likewise in the realms of the devas.
天人和天人的子孫也同樣如此。
The devas and the children of devas
天人和天人的子嗣
Will fill the abodes of the devas. [F.40.a]
將充滿天人的住處。
“ ‘ “In that way, the monarch will
「如此，這位君主就會
Give up his own dear life
捨棄他自己寶貴的生命
In order to make the world happy
為了使世界獲得幸福快樂
And not give up the precious Dharma.
而不捨棄珍貴的法。
“ ‘ “The one who is adorned by good qualities
「『具足善法而莊嚴的人
Relies on being in possession of righteousness.
依靠具足正法而安住。
He constantly makes beings happy,
他不斷地讓眾生感到快樂，
And he constantly rejects bad actions.
他時時刻刻拒絕惡行。
“ ‘ “He protects the realm with righteousness,
「他以正法保護國土，
And he correctly teaches righteousness.
他正確教導正道。
He establishes beings in good actions
他使眾生安住於善業
And turns them away from bad actions.
並使他們遠離惡行。
“ ‘ “When he correctly subjugates
當他正確地調伏時
Those who commit bad actions,
那些造作惡業的人，
There will be good harvests in the kingdom
王國中將會有好的收成。
And the king will have majesty.
國王將獲得威嚴。
“ ‘ “The king will be renowned
「國王將獲得名譽
And will protect the happiness of beings.” ’ ”
並將保護眾生的幸福。」
12.81This concludes “The King’s Treatise: The Commitment of the Lord of Devas,” the twelfth chapter of “The Lord King of Sūtras, the Sublime Golden Light.”
12.81（結尾）