Chapter 1: The Introduction
第一章：序分
[B1] [F.19.a]
我禮敬諸佛和菩薩們。
1.1I pay homage to all the buddhas and bodhisattvas.
1.1我恭敬頂禮諸佛及諸菩薩。
Thus did I hear at one time. The Bhagavat was within the profound, completely pure realm of the Dharma that is the field of activity of all the buddhas, dwelling at Vulture Peak Mountain at Rājagṛha together with a saṅgha of ten thousand times ninety-eight thousand great bhikṣus who were all without exception arhats, all of whom were purified like the king of elephants, all of whose defilements had ceased, all of whom were without kleśas, all of whom had liberated minds, all of whom had completely liberated wisdom, all of whom had done what had to be done, all of whom had put down their burden, all of whom had attained the goal, all of whom had ended engagement with existence, all of whom had attained supreme sublime power, all of whom maintained pure correct conduct, all of whom were adorned by skill in method and wisdom, all of whom possessed the eight liberations, and all of whom had reached the farther shore.
我是這樣聽說的。那時，薄伽梵住在靈鷲山王舍城，在諸佛活動的領域中，深遠而完全清淨的法界之中。與他一起的有一萬乘以九萬八千位偉大的比丘的僧伽，這些比丘們都沒有例外地是阿羅漢。他們都像象王一樣清淨，所有的煩惱都已滅除，沒有任何煩惱，心已解脫，智慧也完全解脫。他們都已成就應做之事，放下了重擔，達到了目標，結束了對存在的執著，獲得了最高的力量，保持著清淨的持戒，以善巧方便和智慧作為裝飾，具足了八解脫，到達了彼岸。
1.2Their names were Venerable Ājñātakauṇḍinya, Venerable Aśvajit, Venerable Vāṣpa, Venerable Mahānāman, Venerable Bhadrika, Venerable Mahākāśyapa, Venerable Uruvilvakāśyapa, Venerable Gayākāśyapa, Venerable Nadīkāśyapa, Venerable Śāriputra, Venerable Mahāmaudgalyāyana, and so on, who were all, apart from Venerable Ānanda, a great saṅgha of śrāvakas, who had arisen from their afternoon samādhi and come into the presence of the Bhagavat, bowed down their heads to the feet of the Bhagavat, circumambulated him three times, keeping him to their right, and then sat to one side. [F.20.a]
1.2他們的名字是尊者阿若憍陳如、尊者馬勝、尊者跋提、尊者摩訶男、尊者跋波、尊者摩訶迦葉、尊者優樓頻螺迦葉、尊者伽耶迦葉、尊者那提迦葉、尊者舍利弗、尊者摩訶目犍連等，他們都是聲聞眾，除了尊者阿難之外的一個偉大的僧伽，他們從午後的三昧中起身，來到薄伽梵的面前，向薄伽梵的雙足頂禮，右繞他三圈，然後在一邊坐下。
1.3A quintillion bodhisattva mahāsattvas had also gathered there. They all had great, brilliant, powerful might, like the great king of the nāgas; had great fame; had nobility; had pure generosity and correct conduct; gave pure offerings and service; had for countless kalpas practiced patience, diligence, and meditation that transcended all; remained perfectly in mindfulness; had opened the door to wisdom; delighted in yoga, methods, and powers ; possessed the higher cognitions and the power of mental retention; possessed unceasing eloquence; had eliminated all kleśas; had cut through the bondage of the kleśas; would soon possess omniscient wisdom; had defeated Māra and Māra’s armies; beat the drum of the Dharma; defeated all tīrthikas and brought them to correct thought; turned the wheel of the Dharma; liberated devas and humans; accomplished the adornment of the buddha realms in the ten directions; benefited beings in the six existences; always had a mind of great love and great compassion; had great invincible strength; went to all buddha realms and made offerings; did not pass into nirvāṇa; had made the great prayer of unceasing commitment until the end of all future kalpas; had developed pure, very profound causes in the presence of many buddhas; had attained quiescence with regard to the birthlessness of the phenomena of the three times; had transcended the field of activity of the śrāvakas and pratyekabuddhas; were skilled in engaging in benefiting the world; [F.20.b] taught extensively the array of the Dharma taught with implied meanings by the great teachers; were skilled in the profound, pure characteristics of emptiness; and had completely eliminated doubts.
1.3有一千萬菩薩摩訶薩聚集在那裡。他們都具有偉大、光明、強大的力量，像偉大的龍王一樣；具有偉大的名聞；具有高貴的身份；具有清淨的佈施和持戒；供養和服侍清淨；已在無數劫中修習超越一切的忍辱、精進和禪定；完美地保持正念；開啟了般若的門扉；樂於瑜伽、方法和力量；具有神通和心念陀羅尼的力量；具有不斷的辯說能力；已消除一切煩惱；斷除了煩惱的束縛；即將具有無所不知的智慧；戰勝了魔和魔的軍隊；擊響了法輪之鼓；戰勝了所有外道並使他們歸正；轉動了法輪；解脫了諸天和人類；成就了十方佛土的莊嚴；利益了六道眾生；始終具有偉大的慈心和偉大的慈悲心；具有偉大的不可摧伏的力量；往詣一切佛土並作供養；不入涅槃；發下了直到未來一切劫終結都持續不斷的偉大願心；在許多諸佛面前發展了清淨、極為深遠的善因；對三世現象的無生已達成寂靜；超越了聲聞和辟支佛的活動範疇；善於從事利益世間；廣泛教授偉大善知識以隱喻意義所教導的法的陣列；善於體悟空性的深遠、清淨特性；並完全消除了疑心。
1.4Among them were those named the bodhisattva Turning Wheel of Unobscured Dharma, the bodhisattva Wheel of Dharma Thoroughly Encircling Mind Generation, the bodhisattva Nityodyukta, the bodhisattva Aparikheda, the bodhisattva Maitreya, the bodhisattva Mañjuśrī, the bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara, the bodhisattva Dharaṇīśvararāja, the bodhisattva Fearless Ornament King, the bodhisattva King of Mount Sumeru, the bodhisattva Profound Ocean King, the bodhisattva Ratnadhvaja, the bodhisattva Great Precious Victory Banner, the bodhisattva Kṣitigarbha, the bodhisattva Ākāśagarbha, the bodhisattva Precious Hand Blessing, the bodhisattva Vajrapāṇi, the bodhisattva Ratibala, the bodhisattva Dharmabala, the bodhisattva Great Brilliant Ornament, the bodhisattva Great Golden Radiance Ornament, the bodhisattva Viśuddhaśīla, the bodhisattva Always Concentrated, the bodhisattva Viśuddhaprajñā, the bodhisattva Ascetic Effort, the bodhisattva Sky-Like Thought, the bodhisattva Great Prayer Completely Unending, the bodhisattva Giving Medicine, the bodhisattva Dispeller of the Affliction’s Disease, the bodhisattva Bhaiṣajyarāja, the bodhisattva Noble Joy, [F.21.a] the bodhisattva Previously Prophesized Attainment, the bodhisattva Great Cloud Pure Light, the bodhisattva Great Cloud Dharma Protector, the bodhisattva Great Cloud Renowned Joy, the bodhisattva Great Cloud Limitless Renown, the bodhisattva Great Cloud Lion’s Roar, the bodhisattva Great Cloud Expounder Great King’s Sound, the bodhisattva Great Cloud Good Fortune, the bodhisattva Great Cloud Precious Qualities, the bodhisattva Great Cloud Solar Essence, the bodhisattva Great Cloud Moon’s Essence, the bodhisattva Great Cloud Star Light, the bodhisattva Great Cloud Fire Light, the bodhisattva Great Cloud Lightning Flash, the bodhisattva Great Cloud Thunder, the bodhisattva Great Cloud Wisdom Rain Thoroughly Equal, the bodhisattva King of Great Cloud’s Rain Thoroughly Purified, the bodhisattva Great Cloud Flower Tree King, the bodhisattva Great Cloud Sweet Scent of Blue Lotus, the bodhisattva Precious Cloud Sandalwood Body Completely Cool, the bodhisattva Great Cloud Eradicating Darkness, and the bodhisattva Great Cloud Eradicating Deceptive Views. That entourage of bodhisattva mahāsattvas had in the afternoon arisen from their individual afternoon samādhis and come into the presence of the Bhagavat, bowed down their heads to the feet of the Bhagavat, circumambulated him three times, keeping him to their right, and then sat to one side.
1.4其中有名為轉法輪無礙菩薩、法輪遍圓心生菩薩、常精進菩薩、無盡意菩薩、彌勒菩薩、文殊師利菩薩、觀世音菩薩、陀羅尼自在王菩薩、無畏莊嚴王菩薩、須彌山王菩薩、深海王菩薩、寶幢菩薩、大寶勝幢菩薩、地藏菩薩、虛空藏菩薩、寶手祝菩薩、金剛手菩薩、樂力菩薩、法力菩薩、大光明莊嚴菩薩、大金光明莊嚴菩薩、清淨戒菩薩、常定菩薩、清淨慧菩薩、苦行精進菩薩、空心菩薩、大祈願無盡菩薩、施藥菩薩、除苦病菩薩、藥王菩薩、喜樂菩薩、先所授記成菩薩、大雲清淨光菩薩、大雲護法菩薩、大雲聞喜菩薩、大雲無邊名菩薩、大雲獅子吼菩薩、大雲說法大王音菩薩、大雲福德菩薩、大雲寶德菩薩、大雲日精菩薩、大雲月精菩薩、大雲星光菩薩、大雲火光菩薩、大雲閃電菩薩、大雲雷菩薩、大雲智雨遍等菩薩、大雲雨遍淨王菩薩、大雲花樹王菩薩、大雲青蓮香菩薩、寶雲檀身清涼菩薩、大雲除暗菩薩和大雲除邪見菩薩。這些菩薩摩訶薩的眷屬在午時從各自的三昧中起身，來到薄伽梵的面前，頭頂著地禮敬薄伽梵的雙足，右繞三周，然後坐在一旁。
1.5Also gathered there were eight hundred thousand times a hundred thousand Licchavī youths. Among them were those named Kumāra Lion’s Radiance , Kumāra Siṃhamati, Kumāra Dharmadatta, Kumāra Power Bestower, Kumāra Mahāprabha, Kumāra Great Glorious One, Kumāra Protected by the Buddha , Kumāra Protected by the Dharma, [F.21.b] Kumāra Protected by the Saṅgha, Kumāra Protected by Vajras, Kumāra Protected by the Sky, Kumāra Sky Uttering Sound, Kumāra Ratnagarbha, and Kumāra Essence of Supreme Auspiciousness. They were supreme among all those youths residing in the highest enlightenment, each having found faith in the Mahāyāna. In the afternoon they had come into the presence of the Bhagavat, bowed down their heads to the feet of the Bhagavat, circumambulated him three times, keeping him to their right, and sat to one side.
1.5還聚集了八百萬倍百萬的離車青年。其中有名叫智獅光童子、獅子慧童子、法授童子、力授童子、摩訶光童子、大光明童子、佛護持童子、法護持童子、僧護持童子、金剛護持童子、空護持童子、空聲出童子、寶藏童子和最勝吉祥童子的青年。他們是所有住在最高菩提境界的青年中最殊勝的，每個人都對大乘生起了信心。他們在下午時來到了薄伽梵的面前，在薄伽梵的腳下恭敬頂禮，繞佛三圈保持在佛的右邊，然後坐在一旁。
1.6Also gathered there were 42,000 devas. The chief among these devas were named Deva Priyadarśana, Deva Pramudita, Deva Sūryaprabha, Deva Moon’s Uṣṇīṣa, Deva Spatial Intellect Completely Pure, Deva Abandoned Affliction, and Deva Maṅgala. They had made the prayer of great commitment to protect the Mahāyāna Dharma, and all those lineage holders who prevented the Dharma from ceasing in the afternoon had come into the presence of the Bhagavat, bowed down their heads to the feet of the Bhagavat, circumambulated him three times, keeping him to their right, and then sat to one side.
1.6又有四萬二千諸天聚集在此。這些諸天中的首領名為可愛樂天、極喜天、日光天、月寶天、虛空慧清淨天、離苦天、吉祥天。他們發了護持大乘法的大願，所有那些能使法不滅絕的法脈持有者，在午時來到薄伽梵的面前，頭頂禮敬薄伽梵的雙足，右繞薄伽梵三圈，然後坐在一旁。
1.7Also gathered there were 28,000 nāga kings. The chief among these nāga kings were named Nāga King Padma, Nāga King Elapatra, Nāga King Mahābala, Nāga King Mahāghoṣa, Nāga King Small Waves, Nāga King Holder of Water’s Cause, Nāga King Golden Face, and Nāga King Wish-Fulfilling . [F.22.a] They delighted in protecting, holding, and receiving the Mahāyāna Dharma; they aspired to, rejoiced in, and protected and sustained very profound contemplation. In the afternoon they had come into the presence of the Bhagavat, bowed down their heads to the feet of the Bhagavat, circumambulated him three times, keeping him to their right, and then sat to one side.
1.7又有二萬八千龍王集聚於此。其中主要的龍王名號分別為蓮華龍王、象頭龍王、大力龍王、大聲龍王、小波龍王、執水因龍王、金色面龍王、如意龍王。他們歡喜保護、受持、信受大乘法；他們嚮往、歡喜、保護與維持極其深妙的禪定。下午時，他們來到薄伽梵的面前，五體投地禮敬薄伽梵的足部，右繞三圈，然後退坐一旁。
1.8Also gathered there were an entourage of 36,000 yakṣas. The principal ones among them, led by King Virūpākṣa, were Yakṣa Amra, Yakṣa Holder of Amra, Yakṣa Lotus Radiance, Yakṣa Lotus Face, Yakṣa Bhṛkuti, Yakṣa Frightful Direct Teacher, Yakṣa Bhūmikampa, and Yakṣa Swallower of Foods, all of whom were the chief among those yakṣas. They had developed a mind of faith in the Dharma of the Tathāgata; they had developed an unflagging motivation to protect and guard the Dharma. In the afternoon they had come into the presence of the Bhagavat, bowed down their heads to the feet of the Bhagavat, circumambulated him three times, keeping him to their right, and then sat to one side.
1.8又有三萬六千夜叉的眷屬聚集。其中主要的夜叉，由毘樓博叉王領導，包括夜叉菴摩羅、夜叉庵羅護、夜叉蓮花光明、夜叉蓮花面、夜叉執心眉、夜叉恐怖直接教師、夜叉地動、夜叉吞食者，這些都是夜叉中的首領。他們對如來的法已經生起了信心；他們已經生起了不懈的動力來保護和守衛該法。在下午他們來到薄伽梵的面前，向薄伽梵的足下禮拜，繞行三圈，保持他在右邊，然後坐在一旁。
1.9Also gathered there was an entourage of 49,000 garuḍas. The principal one among them was the garuḍa king Gandhahastiprabhāvarāja. There was also an entourage of gandharvas; an entourage of asuras; an entourage of kinnaras; an entourage of kumbhāṇḍas; an entourage of mahoragas; the devas of mountains, forests, rivers, and seas; ṛṣis and the kings of all great lands; the royal courts, queens, attendants, boys, girls, devas, and other people [F.22.b] who had developed faith, and so on—all had gathered together and arrived there, and all had the commitment to read, recite, possess, keep, write out, and promulgate, maintain, and protect this unsurpassable Mahāyāna Dharma. In the afternoon they had come into the presence of the Bhagavat, bowed down their heads to the feet of the Bhagavat, circumambulated him three times, keeping him to their right, and then sat to one side.
1.9又有四萬九千迦樓羅聚集在那裡。其中的首領是迦樓羅王香象光明王。還有乾闥婆、阿修羅、緊那羅、鳩槃荼、摩睺羅伽的眷屬；山、林、河、海的諸天；仙人和各地的大國國王；王宮、皇后、侍者、男童、女童、諸天和其他已經生起信心的人等——所有這些眾生都聚集在一起來到那裡，他們都發願要讀誦、受持、書寫、傳揚、維護和保護這無上的大乘法。他們在午時來到薄伽梵的面前，頭面頂禮薄伽梵的雙足，並繞薄伽梵三圈，始終保持薄伽梵在他們的右側，然後就坐在一旁。
1.10In that way, all those śrāvakas, bodhisattvas, devas, humans, nāgas, yakṣas, and so on had gathered, each having developed the motivation to venerate and serve; with palms together in homage and with unblinking eyes, they gazed without wavering upon the Bhagavat and aspired to hear the Dharma.
1.10就這樣，所有的聲聞、菩薩、諸天、人類、龍王、夜叉等都聚集在一起，每一個都發起了恭敬和侍奉的願心；他們雙手合掌禮敬，眼睛不眨地凝視著薄伽梵，始終專注而不搖擺，渴望聽聞佛法。
1.11Then the Bhagavat, during that afternoon, arose from samādhi, looked upon the assembly of followers, and recited these verses:
1.11然後薄伽梵在那個下午時分，從三昧中起身，觀察弟子眾的集會，並誦出這些偈頌：
1.36This concludes “The Introduction,” the first chapter of “The Supremely Victorious King of Sūtras, the Sublime Golden Light.”
1.36（結尾）