Veṣṭhila
鬘德
29.1Then Sudhana went to the town of Śubhapāraṃgama [F.66.a] and approached the householder Veṣṭhila. He bowed his head to his feet, stood before him, and, with his hands placed together in homage, said, “Ārya, I have developed the aspiration for the highest, complete enlightenment, but I do not know how bodhisattvas should train in bodhisattva conduct and in what way they should practice it.
29.1善財隨後前往妙香城，來到居士鬘德的面前。他向鬘德的雙足頂禮，站在他面前，雙手合掌恭敬地說：「聖者，我已經發起了無上正等菩提的願，但我不知道菩薩應當如何修習菩薩行，以及應當以什麼方式來實踐菩薩行。」
29.2“Ārya, I have heard that you give instruction and teachings to bodhisattvas! Explain to me how bodhisattvas should train in bodhisattva conduct and how they should practice it!”
29.2「聖者，我聽說您為菩薩傳授教法！請為我解說菩薩應當如何修習菩薩行，以及應當如何實踐它！」
29.3Veṣṭhila said, “Noble one, I have attained the bodhisattva liberation called the attainment of the summit of inexhaustibility.
29.3鬘德說：「賢聖，我已經成就菩薩解脫，名為無盡頂峰的成就。
29.4“Noble one, from my mind’s viewpoint, a tathāgata has not passed into nirvāṇa, does not pass into nirvāṇa, and will not pass into nirvāṇa in any world other than as a way to bring beings who are to be guided under his control, not as a way to enter truly complete nirvāṇa.
29.4「賢聖，從我的觀點來看，如來不曾入涅槃，也不入涅槃，將來也不會入涅槃，除了作為攝受應該被引導的眾生的方便之外，並非為了真正究竟涅槃而入涅槃。」
29.5“Noble one, in that way, when I opened the door of the sandalwood-throne shrine of the Tathāgata, I attained, by opening the door of the shrine, the bodhisattva samādhi called the display of the unceasing family of the buddhas.
29.5「賢聖，我就是這樣，當我打開如來檀香木寶座的廟宇之門時，我通過打開廟宇之門，證得了名為『佛陀不斷傳承之顯現』的菩薩三昧。
“Noble one, in each instant of mind I rest in this samādhi, and I attain many special features.”
「賢聖，我在每一念心中安住於這個三昧，並獲得了許多殊勝的特性。」
29.6Sudhana asked, “Ārya, what is the scope of that samādhi?”
29.6善財問道：「聖者，那個三昧的範圍是什麼？」
Veṣṭhila replied, “Noble one, when I am resting in this samādhi, [F.66.b] there appear to me all the tathāgatas, such as Kāśyapa, in a continuous succession of one buddha after another within the lineage of this world: all the tathāgatas such as Kanakamuni, Krakucchanda, Viśvabhuk, Śikhin, Vipaśyin, Tiṣya, Puṣya, Yaśottara, and Padmottara. I see in the consecutive appearances of the buddhas the unceasing succession of one buddha after another, a hundred buddhas in one instant of mind. In the next instant of mind I perceive a thousand buddhas. In the next instant of mind I perceive a hundred thousand buddhas. In the same way I see ten million buddhas, a thousand million buddhas, ten thousand million buddhas, a million million buddhas, ten million billion buddhas, ten million million billion buddhas, a hundred thousand million billion buddhas, and ten million million billion buddhas, and so on, until in a subsequent moment of mind I perceive an inexpressible number of inexpressible numbers of buddhas appearing in succession. In the next instant of mind I see tathāgatas as numerous as the atoms in Jambudvīpa. In the next instant of mind I see tathāgatas as numerous as the atoms in an inexpressible number of inexpressible numbers of buddha realms.
鬘德回答說：「聖者，當我安住在這個三昧中時，我面前出現了所有的如來，例如迦葉佛，在這個世界的佛統中一尊接一尊地不斷相續：所有如來，如金寶佛、拘留孫佛、世所尊佛、尸棄佛、毗婆尸佛、提沙佛、布沙佛、名稱佛和蓮華佛。我在諸佛相續出現中看到一尊接一尊的不斷相續，在一個心念中有百尊佛。在下一個心念中我看到千尊佛。在下一個心念中我看到十萬尊佛。同樣地我看到千萬尊佛、億尊佛、十億尊佛、百億尊佛、千億尊佛、萬億尊佛、百萬億尊佛、千萬億尊佛，以此類推，直到在隨後的一個心念中我看到無數無數尊佛相續出現。在下一個心念中我看到如來之數如閻浮提的微塵。在下一個心念中我看到如來之數如無數無數佛剎的微塵。」
29.7“I also perceive the successive accumulations for the first development of the aspiration to enlightenment by those tathāgatas. I perceive the miraculous powers they attain through their first development of the aspiration to enlightenment. I perceive their pure fulfillment of their different prayers. I perceive their pure conduct. I perceive their complete accomplishment of the perfections. I perceive their attainment of all the bodhisattva bhūmis. I perceive their pure attainment of patience. I perceive their roaring that disperses the disturbances of the māras. I perceive the display of the miracles of their complete buddhahood. I perceive the purification of their different buddha realms. I perceive their different ripening of beings. I perceive their different gatherings of followers. I perceive their different halos of light. I perceive their supremacy in turning the wheel of the Dharma. I perceive their attainment of the miraculous powers, miracles, and miraculous manifestations of buddhahood.
29.7「我也了知那些如來最初發菩提心時所作的積累。我了知他們通過最初發菩提心所獲得的神通。我了知他們對各種願的清淨圓滿。我了知他們的清淨行。我了知他們波羅蜜的圓滿成就。我了知他們所有菩薩地的獲得。我了知他們忍辱的清淨獲得。我了知他們驅散魔的擾亂的吼聲。我了知他們成佛的神變顯現。我了知他們各種佛國土的清淨。我了知他們對眾生各種的成熟。我了知他們各種眷屬的集聚。我了知他們各種光輪的圍繞。我了知他們轉法輪的殊勝。我了知他們所獲得的佛的神通、神變和神通變現。」
29.8“I remember and keep the Dharma teachings of these tathāgatas clearly and distinctly. Through my memory I possess them. With my intelligence I understand them. With reverence I distinguish among them. With my intellect I comprehend them. With my wisdom I illuminate them.
29.8「我憶念並保持這些如來的法門清晰分明。透過我的憶念我持有它們。用我的智慧我理解它們。用恭敬我區別它們。用我的理智我領悟它們。用我的智慧我照亮它們。
29.9“I also see and know the future succession of buddhas, such as Maitreya. I see a hundred buddhas in one instant of mind. In the next instant of mind I perceive a thousand buddhas, and so on, up to the instant of mind in which I see tathāgatas as numerous as the atoms in an inexpressible number of inexpressible numbers of buddha realms.
29.9「我也見到並了知未來諸佛的相續，如彌勒菩薩等。我在一念心中見到一百位佛。在下一念心中我認知一千位佛，如此依次直到我見到如來的數量如同無數無數佛剎中的微塵那麼多的一念心。
29.10“I also perceive the successive accumulations for the first development of the aspiration to enlightenment by those tathāgatas. I perceive the miraculous powers they attain through their first development of the aspiration to enlightenment. I perceive their pure fulfillment of their different prayers. I perceive their pure conduct. I perceive their complete accomplishment of the perfections. [F.67.a] I perceive their attainment of all the bodhisattva bhūmis. I perceive their pure attainment of patience. I perceive their roaring that disperses the disturbances of the māras. I perceive the display of the miracles of their complete buddhahood. I perceive the purification of their different buddha realms. I perceive their different ripening of beings. I perceive their different gatherings of followers. I perceive their different halos of light. I perceive their supremacy in turning the wheel of the Dharma. I perceive their attainment of the miraculous powers, miracles, and miraculous manifestations of buddhahood.
29.10「我也能覺察那些如來初發菩提心所積累的功德。我能覺察他們通過初發菩提心所獲得的神通。我能覺察他們純淨圓滿各種願的成就。我能覺察他們純淨的行為。我能覺察他們波羅蜜的圓滿成就。我能覺察他們成就所有菩薩地。我能覺察他們純淨地獲得忍辱。我能覺察他們的吼聲消散了魔的擾亂。我能覺察他們圓滿佛位所顯現的神變。我能覺察他們不同佛國土的清淨。我能覺察他們對眾生的不同成熟。我能覺察他們所聚集的不同眾生。我能覺察他們不同的光輪。我能覺察他們在轉法輪中的至高無上。我能覺察他們獲得佛位的神通、神變和神變現象。
29.11“I remember and keep the Dharma teachings of these tathāgatas clearly and distinctly. [F.67.b] Through my memory I possess them. With my intelligence I understand them. With reverence I distinguish among them. With my intellect I comprehend them. With my wisdom I illuminate them.
29.11我清晰明確地憶念和保持這些如來的法門。通過我的憶念，我擁有它們。以我的智慧，我理解它們。以恭敬心，我區分它們。以我的理解力，我領悟它們。以我的智慧，我照亮它們。
29.12“Just as I see and know the succession of buddhas in the past and in the future in the lineage of this world realm, I see and know in the lineage of world realms in the ten directions as numerous as the atoms in an inexpressible number of inexpressible numbers of buddha realms the succession of tathāgatas in the past and in the future.
29.12「就像我見到並了知這個世界中過去和未來的佛的相繼出現一樣，我在十方世界中——其數量如同不可言說的不可言說數的佛剎中的微塵一樣眾多——見到並了知過去和未來如來的相繼出現。」
29.13“I also perceive the successive accumulations for the first development of the aspiration to enlightenment by those tathāgatas, and so on.
29.13「我也覺知那些如來首次發起菩提心的相續積累，等等。」
29.14“I know and comprehend the unbroken, unceasing succession of the buddhas. It is unequaled; it is known through faith, is known through the diligence and resolve of bodhisattvas, augments the power of the diligence of bodhisattvas, and cannot be overcome by the entire world, by all śrāvakas and pratyekabuddhas, or by bodhisattvas who have not entered its scope.
29.14「我知道並理解諸佛不間斷、不停止的相續。它是無與倫比的；它通過信心而被認識，通過菩薩的精進和決心而被認識，增長菩薩的精進力量，並且不能被整個世界、所有聲聞和辟支佛，或尚未進入其範圍的菩薩所克服。」
29.15“I see and know the succession of the present tathāgatas that reside in world realms in the ten directions, such as Vairocana.
29.15「我見到並了知住在十方世界中的現在如來的相續，例如毘盧遮那。」
29.16“I see a hundred buddhas in one instant of mind. In the next instant of mind I perceive a thousand buddhas, and so on, up to the instant of mind in which I see tathāgatas as numerous as the atoms in an inexpressible number of inexpressible numbers of buddha realms.
29.16「我在一念之中見到一百尊佛。在下一念之中，我認知到一千尊佛，如此推進，直到在那一念之中，我見到如來的數量，如同不可說不可說的佛剎中微塵的數量一樣多。」
29.17“When I wish to see a certain tathāgata, I see him. [F.68.a] I hear all that has been taught, is being taught, and will be taught by those buddhas, those bhagavats. When I have heard them, I retain them. Through my memory I possess them. With my intelligence I understand them. With reverence I distinguish among them. With my intellect I comprehend them. With my wisdom I illuminate them.
29.17「當我想看見某位如來時，我就看見他。我聽聞那些佛、薄伽梵所教導過的、正在教導的，以及將要教導的一切法門。當我聽聞之後，我就記住它們。通過我的記憶力，我擁有它們。用我的智慧我理解它們。以恭敬心我區分它們。用我的理性我領悟它們。以我的智慧我照亮它們。」
29.18“Noble one, I know this bodhisattva liberation called the attainment of the summit of inexhaustibility, but how could I know the conduct or describe the qualities of the bodhisattvas who know the three times in a single instant; who in one fraction of an instant of their practice dwell in an array of samādhis; who have entered into the sunlight of the tathāgatas; who understand the equality of all concepts and misconceptions; who have realized the samādhi that is equal to that of all the buddhas; who act in the nonduality of self, beings, and buddhas; who are in the domain of the display of the Dharma of natural luminosity; who have cut through the net of the world with the device of wisdom; who act without disturbing the seal of the Dharma of the tathāgatas; who have the scope of wisdom that understands the entire realm of phenomena; who have the scope of wisdom that understands the Dharma teaching of all the tathāgatas?
29.18「賢聖啊，我知道這種菩薩解脫，名叫證得不竭頂峰，但我怎麼能夠知道那些菩薩的行為，或者描述他們的功德呢？他們在一剎那間就能認知三世；他們在修行的一瞬間就住於三昧的圓滿排列中；他們已經進入如來的光明中；他們理解所有概念與妄想的平等性；他們已經證得與所有佛陀相等的三昧；他們在自我、眾生與佛陀的不二中行動；他們處於自然光明法門的顯現的境域中；他們以智慧的方便斷除了世界的網絡；他們在行動時不搖動如來法門的印記；他們具有理解整個法界的智慧範圍；他們具有理解所有如來法門教導的智慧範圍。」
29.19“Depart, noble one. In this southern region, there is the mountain named Potalaka. There dwells the bodhisattva by the name of Avalokiteśvara. Go to him and ask him, ‘How should a bodhisattva train in bodhisattva conduct? How should a bodhisattva practice it?’ ” [F.68.b]
29.19「善男子，你應當離開這裡。在南方有一座名叫補陀洛迦山的山峰。那裡住著一位名叫觀世音菩薩的菩薩。你去找他，問他說：『菩薩應當如何修習菩薩行？菩薩應當如何實踐它？』」
29.20Then he spoke these two verses:
29.20然後他說了這兩首偈頌：
29.22Then Sudhana, the head merchant’s son, bowed his head to the feet of the householder Veṣṭhila, circumambulated the householder Veṣṭhila many hundreds of thousands of times, keeping him to his right, and, looking back again and again, departed from the householder Veṣṭhila. [B5]
29.22隨後，善財商人之子向居士鬘德的雙足頂禮，繞行居士鬘德許多百千次，將他保持在右邊，並一再回顧，離開了居士鬘德。