Notes

n.1See Annie Bien, trans., The Eight Buddhas (84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha, 2020).

n.2See Dharmachakra Translation Committee, trans., The Twelve Buddhas (84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha, 2020).

n.3’phags pa bkra shis brgyad pa’i tshigs su bcad pa. In mi pham bka’ ’bum. For English translations, see Gyalten Lekden (2020) and Rigpa Translations.

n.4bkra shis brgyad pa’i don bshad pa. In mi pham bka’ ’bum. For an English translation, see Gyalten Lekden (2016b).

n.5Denkarma, folio 299.b.6–7. See also Yoshimura (1950), p. 137.

n.6Phangthangma (2003), p. 18.

n.7bkra shis brgyad pa. Stok Palace Kangyur vol. 68 (mdo sde, da), folios 21.b–26.a. The Sanskrit title of the Stok Palace Kangyur witness is rendered with the variant reading Āryāṣṭamaṅgalaka­nāma­mahāyāna­sūtra.

n.8See Lancaster, “K493,” accessed February 24, 2021.

n.9Degé: rtsal brtan don grub dgongs pa. The Yongle and Kangxi Kangyur versions read rtsal bstan don grub dgongs pa (“Intent on Accomplishing Aims through Powerful Display”). Comparative Edition, p. 152, n. 3.

n.10Degé: dge bar grags pa dpal dam pa. Other Kangyur versions (Yongle, Lithang, Kangxi, Narthang, Choné) read dge ba grags pa dpal dam pa (“Excellent Glorious Renowned Virtue”). Comparative Edition, p. 153, n. 1.

n.11This translation follows the Chinese by reading de bzhin gshegs pa’i mtshan yongs su brjod pa gang yin pa ’di ni as “whoever proclaims these thus-gone ones’ names” instead of “the proclamation of these thus-gone ones’ names.” The Chinese reads 假使有人讚歎稱諸如來名八部經典 (“if someone proclaims with praise this sūtra on the group of eight thus-gone ones’ names”).

n.12In the context of Śakra seeking victory in battle, this translation reads kun nas ldang ba as rendering the Sanskrit paryutthāna, for which the Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit dictionary has, in part, “…rising all about, overwhelming, possession (always by depravities or vices).”

n.13The colophon in the Stok Palace Kangyur witness reads rgya gar gyi mkhan po pra dz+nya wa rma la sogs pa dang / zhu chen gyi lo tsa ba ban d+he ye shes sde la sogs pas bsgyur cing gtan la phab pa’o. This translates into English as, “Translated and finalized by the Indian preceptor Prajñāvarman and so forth, and the chief editor-translator Bandé Yeshé Dé and so forth.”