Chapter 9 第九章

“Slaying an arhat or one’s parents,

「殺害阿羅漢或自己的父母，

Creating discord in a harmonious saṅgha,

在和諧的僧團中製造不和，

Or, with malicious intent,

或者，懷著惡意，

Drawing blood from a tathāgata‍—

從如來身上流出血液——

“These heinous acts the Victor called

「勝者稱這些重罪為

The five deeds with immediate consequences .

五種立即成熟的業行。

Deluded people who commit just one of them

迷惑的人如果犯下其中任何一個

Will not reach attainment in their present aggregates.

將無法在其現有的蘊體中獲得成就。

“Destroying a caitya, slaying a bodhisattva, [F.135.a]

「摧毀塔，殺害菩薩，

Violating a woman who has exhausted her afflictions,

違犯一位已經消盡煩惱的女性

Killing a novice student, or coveting and then stealing

殺害沙彌學生，或者貪圖並盜竊

Something owned by the saṅgha, however great or small‍—

僧團所有的東西，無論大小——

“These the Tathāgata called the five secondary deeds with immediate consequences .

「這些是如來所說的五種有立即果報的次要惡行。」

A person with corrupt discipline who commits them

一個戒律敗壞的人若是造作這些罪業，將在無間地獄經歷一整個劫的痛苦。

Will experience an eon of suffering in Avīci Hell,

將經歷無間地獄一劫的痛苦。

And though they strive for mantra siddhis, will not attain them.

雖然他們努力修習咒語成就，但卻無法獲得。

“Those who commit evil in the human realm

那些在人類領域中作惡的人

By mistreating, consigning to flames,

通過虐待、投入火焰，

Or with ill intent throwing into water

或者懷著惡意丟入水中

The volumes of the Tathagata’s words,

如來的教法卷帙，

By forsaking the body of teachings,

透過放棄教法的身體，

By killing a monk or nun adorned

殺害莊嚴的比丘或比丘尼

With the full code of training,

具足戒律的訓練，

By killing a holder of lay vows, male or female,

通過殺害持守在家戒的男性或女性信眾，

Or by burning a temple with ill intent

或者以惡意焚毀寺廟

Will never reach attainment, no matter their austere practice.

無論他們如何苦行修持，都永遠無法成就。

“Those who intend harm to the Three Jewels,

「那些對三寶懷有傷害之心的人，」

And then commit even a small amount of harm,

即使只是造成少許傷害，

Will be cooked in the hells due to their evil nature.

會因為他們邪惡的本質在地獄中受煎熬。

Passing on from there, the force of their actions

從那裡離開以後，他們的業力

Will lead to rebirth as a human of low caste or an animal‍—

將導致來世重生為低種姓的人類或動物。

all this I have explained to you in brief.

所有這些我都已經為你簡要地解釋過了。

“If someone who has adopted bodhicitta,

「如果有人已經生起菩提心，

in delusion worships the host of worldly gods,

在迷惑中膜拜眾多世俗的神祇，

They will find no joy in it,

他們將無法從中得到歡喜。

And weaken their mantra siddhis.

並削弱他們的咒成就。

“When, in the realm of humans,

「當在人類的境界中，

Those of lucid mind adopt bodhicitta,

心智清明的人會修習菩提心，

It is they, thenceforth, who are worthy of worship

從此以後，他們就是值得敬禮的對象。

By devas, asuras, and all the world.

被天神、阿修羅和整個世界所禮敬。

“A person who adopts all exalted precepts in full,

「一個人若完全採納所有崇高的戒律，

And who grants fearlessness to all beings,

以及賦予一切有情無畏的人，

Is a representative of the lineage of the Three Jewels.

是三寶傳承的代表。

“Mantrins should not perform heinous acts, kill a sage,

持咒者不應該做出極其惡劣的行為，殺害聖人，

Disrupt or cause harm to a vidyā mantra,

破壞或傷害明咒，

Fail to venerate the mantra assembly out of ill intent,

因為惡意而未能恭敬咒的集會，

Pointlessly pick at grass with their nails,

沒有意義地用指甲摘草。

Rub their legs together,

互相摩擦腿部。

Pierce the noses of cattle herds and the like,

刺穿牲畜群的鼻子等。

Fail to respect the noble saṅgha, [F.135.b]

不尊重高貴的僧團，

Or eat gifts to the bhūtas, oblations to the gods,

或者食用獻給鬼的禮物、獻給諸神的祭品。

Or food that has a fallen on the ground.

或者掉落在地上的食物。

They should not, when overcome with desire,

他們不應該在慾念所控時，

Approach animals or prohibited women.

接近動物或禁止接觸的女人。

They should not tame elephants or handle snakes,

他們不應該馴服象或處理蛇，

Nor whip the flanks of the horse they ride.

也不應該鞭打他們所騎馬匹的兩側。

Those who perform such actions

執行此類行為的人

Will never receive the siddhis.

永遠無法獲得成就。

“Mantrins should always cultivate affection

持咒者應當時常培養慈悲心

For beings who suffer or are beset with disease.

對於受苦或患病的眾生。

“Just as the extent of the boundless sky

「如同無邊的虛空那樣廣闊，

Cannot be measured in arm spans,

無法用臂長來衡量，

So it is impossible to gauge the extent of virtue and evil

因此，無法衡量德行與邪惡的範圍。

Of the benefit and harm done by those supported by the Three Jewels.

由三寶所支持的那些人所做利益和傷害的範圍。

“If they use nets, traps, or snares

「如果他們使用網、陷阱或圈套

To kill beings such as dogs and the like,

殺死狗等眾生，

Or if they trap crows and other birds in cages,

或者用籠子困住烏鴉和其他鳥類，

They will not reach accomplishment in this life or the next.

他們既不會在今生獲得成就，也不會在來世獲得成就。

“They should neither trample on, nor adorn their heads with,

「他們不應該踐踏，也不應該用來裝飾頭部，

The old, discarded flowers of Māra’s Foe,

魔王怨敵所遺棄的陳舊花朵，

Nor should they eat the food offered to them,

也不應該食用供養給他們的食物，

Even when they are beset with hunger.

即使他們被飢餓所困擾。

“Not even in fear should they pay homage to

「即便在恐懼中，他們也不應該頂禮

Brahmā, Śakra, Viṣṇu, Rudra, Vāyu, and the rest.

梵天、帝釋天、毘紐天、盧陀羅、風天等眾神。

They should not follow the teachings they propound,

他們不應該遵循這些神靈所傳揚的教法。

Practice their austerities, or worship their symbols.

實踐他們的苦行，或膜拜他們的象徵。

They should not harbor animosity to their doctrines,

他們不應該對這些教法心懷敵意，

But should never delight in their practice either.

但也不應該在他們的修持中感到歡喜。

They should never praise them or recite their mantras.

他們不應該讚頌他們，也不應該誦持他們的咒。

“When giving a gift they should give with compassion.

「給予布施時應當以慈悲心來布施。

They should venerate places visited by the Sugata,

他們應當尊敬善逝曾經到訪過的地方。

And pay homage to the heirs of the Victor.

並向勝者的繼承人頂禮。

Pratyekabuddhas and the Victor’s own śrāvakas

辟支佛和勝者的聲聞

Should be the object of their constant veneration.

應當成為他們經常敬禮的對象。

“Just as people who venerate a phase of the moon

就像人們膜拜月亮的某個特定階段

Do not venerate the moon in all its fullness,

不應該在月圓時恭敬禮拜月亮，

So those who faithfully venerate the Victor’s heirs

因此，那些虔誠恭敬勝者之子嗣的人

Are not venerating the Sugata himself.

並未在虔誠地禮敬善逝本人。

“One who holds the most exalted of all the world’s precepts

「一個人持守世上最高尚的戒律

Is the very embodiment of compassion, taking birth for beings’ sake.

就是慈悲的化身，為了眾生的緣故而轉生。

Why would we not venerate them all,

為什麼我們不應該尊敬他們呢？

They who are as if an only child? [F.136.a]

他們如同獨生子女的人？[F.136.a]

“A wicked person who does not bow before

「一個邪惡的人不向

An astonishing person, rich in miraculous power,

一個非凡的人，富有神奇的力量，

Will be distrusted by the victors,

會被勝者所不信任，

And will not be granted their mantra siddhis.

將無法獲得他們的咒成就。

“Just as a tree’s flower will at first beguile,

「就如同樹的花朵最初會迷惑人，

And only later transform into fruit,

到了後來才會轉變成果實。

Know sublime beings to be like flowers,

要知道殊勝的眾生如同花朵一般，

And the victors to be their fruit.

而勝者是其果實。

“Homage to those who uphold the awakened way,

「禮敬那些堅守覺悟之道的人，

Who are naturally free of attachment,

那些自然遠離執著的人們，

Yet show compassion to the kind,

然而要對善良的人展現慈悲，

Anger to the angry, and desire to the desirous.

對憤怒者生起憤怒，對貪欲者生起欲望。

“Homage to the guides of mantra,

「恭敬禮拜咒的引導者，」

Who with knowledge of actions and results

誰具有業果的知識

Assume the form of mantras

化現為咒的形相

That are most suited to every being.”

最適合每一個有情。

9.24This was the ninth chapter of the noble “Subāhu’s Questions.”

9.24（結尾）