Notes

n.1Hidas (2015), p. 134.

n.2Sādhanamālā no. 148, pp. 306–7.

n.3See, for example, the Parṇa­śavarī­sādhana (Toh 3360) and bcom ldan ’das ma ri khrod lo ma gyon ma’i sgrub thabs and ’joms stobs sgron ma by Nüden Dorje (nus ldan rdo rje; ca. sixteenth century).

n.4Note that there is a discrepancy among various databases for cataloging the Toh 995 version of this text within vol. 101 or 102 of the Degé Kangyur. See Toh 995 note 4 for details.

n.5dpe bsdur ma dkar chag, p. 750. In fact, as Toh 3361 is entirely in transliterated Sanskrit, it can hardly be considered a translation.

n.6dpe bsdur ma dkar chag, pp. 787-88.

n.7The Denkarma catalog is dated to ca. 812 ᴄᴇ. See Denkarma, folio 300.a. See also Herrmann-Pfandt (2008), p. 233, no. 408.

n.8Taishō 1100; Lewis R. Lancaster, “K 1305,” The Korean Buddhist Canon: A Descriptive Catalogue. Note that this is not the same Amoghavajra as the eleventh century figure mentioned earlier in this paragraph.

n.9Taishō 1384; Lewis R. Lancaster, “K 1224e,” The Korean Buddhist Canon: A Descriptive Catalogue.

n.10Sādhanamālā no. 150, vol. 1, pp. 308–10.

n.11See Sādhanamālā vol. 1, p. 310, n6.

n.12Sādhanamālā vol. 1, pp. 306–7.

n.13This Amoghavajra , about whom little is known, is not the same person as the Amoghavajra who produced the Chinese translation mentioned above.

n.14Sādhanamālā vol. 1, p. 308.

n.15dpe bsdur ma dkar chag, p. 788.

n.16The Sanskrit text adds that he too is “deeply compassionate.”

n.17In the Sanskrit text, this line of homage is rendered in verse and differs slightly from the Tibetan version: “Dwarfish one! I pay homage to you! You, dwarfish one, are a blessed one. / I pay homage to the piśācī Parṇaśavarī who holds a noose and an axe.”

n.18The translation “personal anxieties” is informed by the Sanskrit phrase ādhyātmikā bhayāḥ, which helps clarify the opaque Tibetan term khong du gnod pa.

n.19The Sanskrit text and the Tibetan translation in the Phukdrak Kangyur include the additional statement: “all misfortunes and everything related to them.”

n.20In place of “send them away and dispel them” (Tib. song shig dengs shig) the Sanskrit reads jjaḥ jjaḥ jjaḥ jjaḥ.

n.21“Deathless One! Deathless One! Arisen from the deathless, you are the fount of deathlessness. Giver of comfort! Giver of physical comfort! Do not kill! Do not kill! Do not spread [pestilence]! Do not spread!”

n.22Here the Sanskrit text includes the nearly synonymous term upaśama, which is included in the Phukdrak Kangyur translation as well.

n.23In the Tibetan text this passage has been translated into Tibetan, and so following that decision we have translated it into English here. It seems, however, that this passage is meant to be included in the dhāraṇī recitation, as was understood by the translators and editors of the Phukdrak Kangyur, who left it in Sanskrit. The Sanskrit for this section, as attested in Sādhanamālā no. 150, is: praśama upaśama sarva­vyādhīn upaśama sarvā­kālamṛtyūn upaśama sarva­nakṣatra­graha­doṣān upaśama sarva­daṃṣṭrināṃ copaśama bhagavati parṇa­śavari.

n.24The Sanskrit text reads sarva­śavarāṇāṃ mahā­śavarāṇāṃ.

n.25“ Tunna tunna vitunna vitunna tuṇa tuṇa tumule svāhā. Oṃ hail to Gaurī, Gāndhārī, Caṇḍālī, Mātaṅgī, and Pukkasī! Oṃ hail to Aṅkurā, Maṅkurā, Kurukurā, and Parṇaśavarī! Homage to all śavarīs and great śavarīs! Hail to the blessed piśācī, Parṇaśavarī the piśācī! Oṃ Parṇaśavarī hṛīḥ jaḥ hūṃ phaṭ piśāci svāhā!”

n.26The colophon to the Sanskrit text reads āryaparṇaśavarītārādhāraṇī samāptā, “The Noble Dhāraṇī of Parṇaśavarī-Tārā is now complete.”