Introduction

i.1The Heart Mantra of Gaṇapati opens in Rājagṛha on Vulture Peak Mountain where the Buddha Śākyamuni is seated with a saṅgha of 1,250 monks and a great saṅgha of bodhisattvas. Śākyamuni addresses Ānanda and tells him of the benefits of upholding The heart mantra of Gaṇapati, recites the mantra, and explains the mantra’s benefits and protective powers.

i.1《象頭財神心咒》在王舍城靈鷲山開場，釋迦牟尼佛與一千二百五十位僧侶和眾多大菩薩組成的僧伽聚集一起。釋迦牟尼佛對阿難開示象頭財神心咒的功德，誦讀該心咒，並解釋心咒的利益和護持力量。

i.2The Heart Mantra of Gaṇapati continues to play an integral role in the Newar Buddhist Saptavāra (lit. “Seven Days”) tradition, where it is recited on Tuesday. As a result, there are numerous extant versions of the text in Sanskrit manuscript collections of the Saptavāra. Yutaka Iwamoto published a Sanskrit edition of this text in 1939, and a translation of this Sanskrit edition was later published in Robert Duquenne’s article “Gaṇapati Rituals in Chinese.” Iwamoto’s annotations highlight the fact that the content of this text can vary from one witness to the next, and his edition demonstrates that his sources diverge significantly from the version of The Heart Mantra of Gaṇapati preserved in the Tibetan Kangyurs. Christopher Wilkinson has also published a study and translation of the version of this text preserved in the Tibetan Kangyurs in his chapter on “The Tantric Gaṇeśa: Texts Preserved in the Tibetan Canon.”

i.2象頭財神的心咒在尼瓦爾佛教的七日祭傳統中繼續發揮著重要的作用，在該傳統中，它在星期二被誦念。因此，在七日祭的梵文手稿集合中存在著許多該文本的現存版本。岩本裕賀在1939年出版了該文本的梵文版本，羅伯特·杜克納的論文《中文中的象頭財神儀軌》後來發表了對這個梵文版本的翻譯。岩本的註釋強調了該文本的內容可能因證本而異，他的版本表明他的文獻來源與藏傳甘珠爾中保存的象頭財神心咒版本存在重大差異。克里斯多夫·威爾金森也在他的章節《密教象頭財神：藏文正藏中保存的文本》中發表了對藏傳甘珠爾中保存的該文本版本的研究和翻譯。

i.3The title of this text appears in the Denkarma and Phangthangma royal Tibetan catalogs of translated works, which indicates that The Heart Mantra of Gaṇapati had been translated into Tibetan by the early ninth century. There is no independent work that bears the name The Heart Mantra of Gaṇapati in the Chinese canon, though it does contain at least twelve works dedicated to Gaṇapati. The earliest of these is found in Atikūṭa’s translation of the “Compendium of Dhāraṇīs” (Taishō 901) completed in 654 ᴄᴇ, and Amoghavajra’s version of the same collection (Taishō 1266), completed between 746 and 774 ᴄᴇ. However, neither these nor the works on Ganạpati that would later be translated into Chinese appear to match the Tibetan translation of The Heart Mantra of Gaṇapati.

i.3這部經文的標題出現在登噶目錄和方塘瑪目錄中，這兩部是藏傳佛教早期的翻譯文獻目錄，表明象頭財神心經已在九世紀初被翻譯成藏文。在漢譯佛經中沒有獨立的著作以象頭財神心經為名，但至少包含了十二部供奉象頭財神的著作。其中最早的是阿底瞿多在六五四年完成翻譯的《陀羅尼集》（大正九〇一），以及不空金剛在七四六至七七四年間完成的同一文獻集合版本（大正一二六六）。然而，這些著作及其後來譯入漢文的象頭財神相關著作，似乎都與藏譯象頭財神心經的版本相不符。

i.4In the Degé Kangyur this text appears in both the Tantra Collection (rgyud ’bum, Toh 665) and the Compendium of Dhāraṇīs (gzungs ’dus, Toh 1084). This translation is based on both witnesses of The Heart Mantra of Gaṇapati preserved in the Degé Kangyur in consultation with the Comparative Edition (dpe bsdur ma) and the Stok Palace Kangyur. Yutaka Iwamoto’s Sanskrit edition of the Gaṇapatihṛdaya was consulted in some cases to clarify the Sanskrit terminology underlying the Tibetan translation.

i.4在德格甘珠爾中，這部經文同時出現在《密法總集》（藏文：rgyud 'bum，編號665）和《陀羅尼集》（藏文：gzungs 'dus，編號1084）中。本翻譯以德格甘珠爾所保存的《象頭財神心經》兩個版本為基礎，並參考了《對比版》（藏文：dpe bsdur ma）和斯托克宮甘珠爾。在某些情況下，我們參考了岩本豊的梵文版《象頭財神心經》以澄清藏文翻譯背後的梵文術語。