The Translation

[F.268.a]

1.1Homage to the Three Jewels.

1.1禮敬三寶。

Thus did I hear at one time. The Bhagavān was dwelling at the Vulture Peak Mountain in Rājagṛha, together with a large saṅgha of one thousand two hundred and fifty monks who surrounded and honored him as he taught the Dharma. He expounded that which is good in the beginning, good in the middle, good in the end, excellent in meaning, excellent in words, unique, perfect, completely pure, thoroughly refined, and concerns pure conduct.

我是這樣聽聞的。當時，薄伽梵住在王舍城的鷲峰山，與由一千二百五十位比丘組成的大僧伽一起。這些比丘圍繞著薄伽梵，恭敬供養他，同時他為眾生宣講佛法。他闡述的內容初善、中善、後善，義理深妙、言辭精粹，獨特圓滿、清淨無瑕、究竟精細，涉及梵行的各個方面。

1.2At that time, the layman Nandika and a retinue of five hundred lay practitioners departed from the great city of Rājagṛha, and went to where the Bhagavān was. [F.268.b] He bowed his head to the Bhagavān’s feet, circumambulated the Bhagavān three times, and sat down to one side. Then, those five hundred lay practitioners also bowed their heads to the Bhagavān’s feet and sat down to one side. Then the layman Nandika asked the Bhagavān, “What sort of ripening will arise for those who violate the five basic precepts of a lay practitioner as prescribed by the bhagavān, the tathāgata, the arhat, the perfectly awakened Buddha who knows and sees?”

1.2那時，優婆塞難提迦與五百位在家修行者的眷屬一同離開了王舍城這座大城，前往薄伽梵所在的地方。他向薄伽梵的足下禮拜，繞薄伽梵三圈，然後坐在一旁。那五百位在家修行者也向薄伽梵的足下禮拜，坐在一旁。之後，優婆塞難提迦問薄伽梵說：「那些違反了薄伽梵、如來、阿羅漢、圓滿正覺的佛陀所制定的在家修行者五戒的人，將會產生什麼樣的成熟果報呢？」

1.3The Bhagavān answered the layman Nandika,“Nandika, it is excellent that you have thought to ask the Tathāgata about this matter. Your intellect is vast, your consideration is fine, and your eloquence is excellent. Therefore, Nandika, I shall teach the Dharma discourse called The Ten Negative Consequences. Listen well and duly and take it to heart! I shall explain it to you.”

1.3薄伽梵對優婆塞難提迦回答說：「難提迦，你能夠想到向如來請問此事，這實在是太好了。你的智慧廣大，你的思考精細，你的辯才優秀。因此，難提迦，我將為你傳授名為《十種惡果》的法語開示。你要仔細聽聞、諦心領受！我將為你詳細解說。」

1.4“Excellent, Bhagavān,” said the layman Nandika, and he listened to the Bhagavān.

1.4優婆塞難提迦說：「善哉，薄伽梵。」並恭敬地聆聽薄伽梵的教導。

1.5The Bhagavān said, “Nandika, these ten negative consequences of killing should be known. What are the ten? They are as follows: (1) in this life one will beget hostility and also in other lives one will continue to experience hostility; (2) one will not be trusted by many beings; (3) one will have nightmares; (4) one will experience fear and others will be fearful of you; (5) even after going to sleep comfortably, one will wake up in distress; (6) one will think of evil things; (7) one will be confused at the time of death; (8) since one will commit and accumulate deeds leading to a short life, (9) after the dissolution of the body and death, one will fall into the lower realms, the bad destinations, and be reborn in the hells; (10) even if, after dying and transmigrating from there, one is born in this world as a human, no matter where one is born, one will have a short life and also many illnesses. [F.269.a] Nandika, these ten negative consequences of killing should be known.

1.5薄伽梵說："難提迦，這十項殺生的惡果應當了知。是哪十項呢？它們如下：（1）在今生會招致敵意，在其他生世中也會持續經歷敵意；（2）許多眾生將不信任你；（3）你會做噩夢；（4）你會經歷恐懼，他人也會害怕你；（5）即使舒適地入睡，你也會在痛苦中驚醒；（6）你會想到邪惡的事物；（7）你會在死亡時感到困惑；（8）因為你會造作和積累導致壽命短促的業行；（9）當身體瓦解死亡後，你將墮入下道、惡趣，在地獄中重生；（10）即使死亡後從那裡輪迴轉生，再次降生到這個世界成為人類，無論你在哪裡降生，你都會壽命短促，而且多病纏身。難提迦，這十項殺生的惡果應當了知。"

1.6“Nandika, these ten negative consequences of taking what is not given should be known. What are the ten? (1) One will incur great hostility; (2) one will be highly anxious; (3) one will act at the wrong time, one will act late in the day; (4) one will be surrounded by non-virtuous friends; (5) one will be abandoned by virtuous friends; (6) one will have faulty discipline; (7) one will be troubled by kings, by thieves, and by punishments; (8) since one will commit and accumulate deeds leading to the loss of wealth, (9) after the dissolution of the body and death, one will fall into the lower realms, the bad destinations, and be reborn in the hells; (10) even if, after dying and transmigrating from there, one is born in this world as a human, no matter where one is born, one will be poor. The wealth one has obtained, acquired with great effort, by the sweat of one’s brow, through the strength of one’s arms and legs, will be threatened by the five troubles. What are the five? One’s property will be laid waste by kings, fire, water, disgruntled heirs, and secrets. Nandika, these ten negative consequences of taking what is not given should be known.

1.6難提迦，應當了知竊盜有十種惡果。有哪十種呢？（1）將招致巨大的仇恨；（2）將極度焦慮不安；（3）將在錯誤的時間行動，將在白天晚時行動；（4）將被不善的朋友所包圍；（5）將被善知識所棄；（6）將有毀戒；（7）將被國王、盜賊和刑罰所困擾；（8）因為將造作和積累導致財富喪失的業行，（9）身體消亡和死後，將墮入下道、惡趣，在地獄中重生；（10）即使死後並從那裡輪迴轉生，在這個世界作為人類重生，無論在哪裡重生，將會貧困。自己費力獲得、通過流汗勞作、通過自己手腳的力量所得到的財富，將受到五種災難所威脅。有哪五種呢？自己的財產將被國王、火、水、不滿的繼承人和秘密所毀壞。難提迦，應當了知竊盜有十種惡果。

1.7“Nandika, these ten negative consequences of sexual misconduct should be known. What are the ten? [F.269.b] (1) One will experience the hostility of those whose spouses one has led astray; (2) one will quarrel with one’s spouse; (3) one’s non-virtuous qualities will increase and one’s virtuous qualities will decrease; (4) one will have no peace; (5) one’s son and wife will be unprotected; (6) one’s wealth will be unguarded and unprotected, one’s house will be unguarded and unprotected, and one’s life will be unguarded and unprotected; (7) one will not be trusted by one’s friends, relatives, kinsmen, and ministers; (8) since one will commit and accumulate deeds leading to rivalry, (9) after the dissolution of the body and death, one will fall into the lower realms, the bad destinations, and be reborn in the hells; (10) even if, after dying and transmigrating from there, one is born in this world as a human and becomes a woman, she will have a husband who has rival women, and if one becomes a man, he will not be able to protect his son and wife. Nandika, these ten negative consequences of sexual misconduct should be known.

1.7「難提迦，這十項邪淫的惡果應當了知。是哪十項呢？（1）將遭受那些被自己引誘的配偶者的敵意；（2）會與自己的配偶發生爭執；（3）不善的品質會增加，善的品質會減少；（4）將無法獲得安寧；（5）自己的兒子和妻子會缺乏保護；（6）自己的財富會無人守護，房舍會無人守護，性命也會無人守護；（7）會失去朋友、親戚、族人和大臣的信任；（8）由於會造作和積累導致鬥諍的業行；（9）身體分解、死亡之後，將墮入下道、惡趣，轉生到地獄中；（10）即使死後從那裡輪迴轉生，在這個世界上作為人類出生，無論生在哪裡，如果轉生為女人，她將會有有外遇的丈夫；如果轉生為男人，他將無法保護自己的兒子和妻子。難提迦，這十項邪淫的惡果應當了知。」

1.8“Nandika, these ten negative consequences of telling lies should be known. What are the ten? (1) One’s mouth will be foul-smelling; (2) one will be abandoned by the protective deities of the body and will become vulnerable to non-humans; (3) even when one speaks the truth, one’s words will be distrusted; (4) even when one’s assistance is needed, the learned will not think of asking; (5) untrue calumnies about oneself will spread; (6) one will be unworthy of respect; (7) one will experience suffering and sadness; (8) since one will commit and accumulate deeds leading to many false accusations, (9) after the dissolution of the body and death, one will fall into the lower realms, the bad destinations, and be reborn in the hells; (10) even if, after transmigrating from there, [F.270.a] one is born in this world as a human, no matter where one is born, one will face many false accusations. Nandika, these ten negative consequences of telling lies should be known.

1.8「難提迦，妄語有十種惡果，應當了知。是哪十種呢？(1) 自己的口氣會很臭穢；(2) 會被身體的護法神所舍棄，容易受到非人的傷害；(3) 即使說真實的話，別人也不會相信自己的言語；(4) 即使需要自己的幫助，聰慧的人也不會想到來請求；(5) 關於自己的虛假謠言會到處傳播；(6) 自己將不值得被尊重；(7) 會經歷痛苦和悲傷；(8) 因為會造作和積累導致招致許多虛假指控的業行，(9) 身體消散、死亡之後，會墮入下道、惡趣，在地獄中轉生；(10) 即使從那裡轉生後，在這個世界上轉生為人，無論在哪裡轉生，都會面臨許多虛假的指控。難提迦，妄語有這十種惡果，應當了知。」

1.9“Nandika, these thirty-five negative consequences of drinking spirituous liquors and intoxicants, which are the cause of heedlessness, should be known. What are these thirty-five? (1) In this life one’s wealth will be depleted; (2) illnesses will increase; (3) quarrels and disputes will arise; (4) one will pay attention to that which is meaningless; (5) bad reputation will arise; (6) wisdom will weaken; (7) wealth will not be obtained, and whatever wealth has already been obtained will diminish and come to an end; (8) one will be unable to keep secrets; (9) one’s efficiency will wane; (10) one’s strength will be diminished; (11) one will neglect one’s mother; (12) one will neglect one’s father; (13) one will neglect śramaṇas; (14) one will neglect brahmins; (15) one will not honor the head of the family; (16) one will disrespect the Buddha; (17) one will disrespect the Dharma; (18) one will disrespect the Saṅgha; (19) one will disrespect engagement in the trainings and have faulty discipline; (20) the sense doors will be unguarded; (21) one will become extremely heedless toward women; (22) one will be rejected by relatives, kinsmen, friends, and ministers; (23) one will be considered unattractive by many people; (24) one will become unpleasant to many people; (25) one’s actions will be at odds with Dharma; (26) one will uphold that which is not Dharma; (27) one will abandon the true Dharma; (28) one will abandon modesty and decency; [F.270.b] (29) even when enemies are present, the learned will not think of asking one for assistance; (30) one will act heedlessly and with negligence; (31) one will not abide by the teaching of the Tathāgata; (32) one will be far from nirvāṇa; (33) since one will commit and accumulate deeds leading to insanity, (34) after the dissolution of the body and death, one will fall into the lower realms, the bad destinations, and be reborn in the hells; (35) even if, after dying and transmigrating from there, one is born in this world as a human, no matter where one is born, one will be mad and have a blurry memory. Nandika, these thirty-five negative consequences of spirituous liquors and intoxicants, which are the cause of heedlessness, should be known.”

1.9「難提迦，飲用酒和醉藥這三十五種惡果應當了知，它們是導致放逸的原因。這三十五種是什麼呢？（1）在今世，自己的財富將會耗盡；（2）疾病將會增加；（3）爭執和紛爭將會產生；（4）自己將會注意到沒有意義的事物；（5）不良的名聲將會出現；（6）智慧將會衰弱；（7）財富將無法得到，而已經獲得的財富將會減少並最終消盡；（8）自己將無法保守秘密；（9）自己的效率將會衰退；（10）自己的力量將會減弱；（11）自己將會忽視自己的母親；（12）自己將會忽視自己的父親；（13）自己將會忽視沙門；（14）自己將會忽視婆羅門；（15）自己將不會尊敬家族的首領；（16）自己將不尊敬佛陀；（17）自己將不尊敬法；（18）自己將不尊敬僧伽；（19）自己將不尊敬修習訓練並將毀戒；（20）根門將會失去守護；（21）自己對女性將變得極為放逸；（22）自己將被親戚、親族、朋友和大臣所棄絕；（23）自己將被許多人認為沒有吸引力；（24）自己將令許多人感到不快；（25）自己的行為將與法相悖；（26）自己將奉行非法的事物；（27）自己將拋棄真實的法；（28）自己將拋棄慚和愧；（29）即使敵人在場，學者也不會想到向自己尋求幫助；（30）自己將以放逸和疏忽而行動；（31）自己將不會遵循如來的教導；（32）自己將遠離涅槃；（33）由於自己將造作和積累導致瘋狂的業；（34）在身體衰敗和死亡之後，自己將墮入下道、惡趣，在地獄中轉生；（35）即使在死亡後從那裡輪迴轉生在這個世界上成為人類，無論自己生在哪裡，自己都將是瘋狂的，且記憶模糊。難提迦，飲用酒和醉藥這三十五種惡果應當了知，它們是導致放逸的原因。」

1.10Thus spoke the Bhagavān. After the Sugata had spoken thus, the Teacher added:

1.10薄伽梵如是說。善逝如是說已，師尊復說：

“Being beneficial and compassionate to sentient beings,

「對眾生懷有利益和慈悲心，

One must abandon killing, beating, and binding.

必須放棄殺生、毆打和束縛。

In the same way that you protect your own beloved life,

就像你保護自己所珍愛的生命一樣，

Protect the lives of others too!

也要保護他人的生命！

“Others have accumulated their wealth with great difficulty,

他人已經費盡艱辛積累了自己的財富，

So one should not even think about that which is not given.

因此，人不應該甚至想著那些未被給予的東西。

Having experienced separation from what one loves in the world,

在世間體驗到與所愛之物分離後，

Just so, one should be steady for the benefit of others.

就是這樣，應該為了他人的利益而保持堅定。

“One should avoid others’ adorned spouses

「應當避免與他人裝飾得當的配偶親近

Like a burning flame.

如同熊熊燃燒的火焰。

One should be content with the spouse one has found,

應當對已找到的配偶感到滿足，

And not engage, out of lust, in that which is like poison.

不要因為貪欲而沾染那如毒藥般的事物。

“One should not knowingly speak falsehood,

"一個人不應該故意說謊，"

Neither for the sake of oneself nor for the sake of others.

既不是為了自己，也不是為了他人。

Neither hurting nor troubling others,

既不傷害他人，也不煩擾他人，

And having pondered, one should speak with gentle words.

經過思考後，應該用溫和的言語說話。

“A person who is fond of drinking alcohol

一個喜歡喝酒的人

cannot bring about their own benefit or others’ happiness.

無法為自己和他人帶來利益與幸福。

Spirits cause bewilderment and a bad complexion‍—

酒會導致迷惑和膚色變差——

One should not drink that which is like [F.271.a] halāhala poison.

人不應當飲用如毒一般的東西。

“If one wishes to enter the higher realms as easily as entering a house,

"如果想要像進入房子一樣輕易地進入更高的境界，

One must not kill living beings, nor steal the property of others,

不可殺害有情眾生，也不可盜取他人的財產。

Nor tell lies, nor drink alcohol,

不說謊言，也不喝酒，

Nor seek, even in thought, the spouse of another.

也不要在心念中尋求他人的配偶。

“These are the precepts of householders

「這些是在家人的戒律

Who wear white clothes and dwell at home.

穿著白衣、居住在家的人。

Beyond this, there is the teaching about the basic precepts,

此外，還有關於基本戒律的教導，

Taught by the Victorious One for renunciates.”

勝者為出家人所教的戒律。

1.18The layman Nandika, having heard this teaching in the presence of the Bhagavān,was pleased, delighted, overjoyed, glad, full of happiness and cheerfulness of mind. He rose from his seat, bowed his head to the Bhagavān’s feet, and circumambulated the Bhagavān three times. Delighted, he rejoiced at what the Bhagavān had said and departed.

1.18優婆塞難提迦在薄伽梵面前聽聞了這些教法，感到歡喜、愉悅、非常高興、喜樂，心中充滿了快樂和輕鬆。他從座位上站起身，向薄伽梵的腳頂禮，並繞薄伽梵三圈。他欣喜若狂，讚歎薄伽梵所說的話語，然後離開了。

1.19When the Bhagavān had spoken thus, the monks rejoiced and praised his words.

1.19薄伽梵說完這些話後，比丘們歡喜雀躍，稱讚他的教言。

1.20Thus ends “The Sūtra of Nandika.”

1.20（結尾）