Notes

n.1The Yongle, Lithang, Kangxi, Narthang, and Choné Kangyurs omit one stanza.

n.2Cambridge manuscript Add.1680.8 (fragmentary, in palm leaf, ca. twelfth/thirteenth century). See Hidas 2021, p. 32.

n.3His sources are four manuscripts from Nepal, three on paper (one from 1792), and one palm leaf manuscript: Matsunami no. 419 (A.D.1792 = samvat 912), no. 202 (date unknown), NGMPP A131/9, and Asiatic Society of Bengal no. 9987. See Kano 2011, pp. 61–65.

n.4Bhāviveka was also called Bhāvaviveka and Bhavya. He flourished ca. 500–570.

n.5The text is also cited in Prajñākaramati’s Bodhi­caryāvatāra­pañjikā (Toh 3872), Vitakarman’s Mudrā­catura­ṭīkā­ratna­hṛdaya­nāma (Toh 2259), Rāmapāla’s Sekanirdeśa­pañjikā (Toh 2253), and Kṛṣṇa Paṇḍita’s Kṛṣṇayamāritantra­rājāprekṣaṇa­patha­pradīpa­nāma­ṭīkā (Toh 1920).

n.6Kano concludes this by studying the sūtras listed in Ratnākaraśānti’s Muktāvalī (Toh 1189), Kāṇha’s Yogaratnamālā (Toh 1183), and Advayavajra’s Kudṛṣṭinir­ghātana, as well as by analyzing the structure of the Tibetan canonical collections, the Nepali collections of dhāraṇīs, and several Tibetan commentaries.

n.7Ṣaṇmukhī­dhāraṇī , Toh 141, 526, 916.

n.8Gāthādvaya­dhāraṇī , Toh 143, 611, 918.

n.9Ekagāthā , Toh 323.

n.10Bhadra­caryāpra­ṇidhāna , Toh 1095, 4377.

n.11The Gondhla, Egoo, Stagrimo, Stongde, Bardan, and Reruk collections.

n.12The Four Stanzas is not listed in the imperial catalogs, but it is included in Butön’s History of Buddhism. See Butön Rinchen Drup (bu ston rin chen grub), folio 161.b.

n.13The Dhāraṇī of the Six Gates (Toh 141, 526, 916), The Two Stanza Dhāraṇī (Toh 143, 611, 918), and The Single Stanza (Toh 323). See Jonang Jetsün Tāranātha (jo nang rje btsun tA ra nA tha), pp. 709–54.

n.14In the Phukdrak Kangyur, and in the Bardan, Stagrimo, and Stongde collections, The Single Stanza, The Four Stanzas, and The Two Stanza Dhāraṇī also appear in sequence. In the Bardan collection, The Prayer of Good Conduct comes before The Single Stanza, so that the four texts are grouped together.

n.15Kano’s Sanskrit edition reads sarva­buddhān namasyāmi jinān apratipudgalān/ śarīrāṇi ca sarveṣāṃ saṃbuddhānāṃ yaśasvinām: “I pay homage to all buddhas, the matchless victorious ones, and to the relics [or bodies] of all celebrated perfect buddhas.” This matches exactly the quotation of this stanza in the Tibetan translation of Jetāri’s Bodhi­cittotpāda­samādāna­vidhi (Toh 3968): rgyal ba gang zag bla na med pa yi/ /sangs rgyas rnams ni thams cad dang/ /rdzogs pa’i sangs rgyas grags ldan pa/ /kun gyi sku la phyag ’tshal lo.

n.16Kano’s Sanskrit edition reads tathāgatāḥ.

n.17The Tibetan in most witnesses reads bsten dka’ (“Difficult to Follow”), except for Lhasa, which reads bstan dka’ (“Difficult to Teach”). Kano’s edition of the Sanskrit reads duṣprasava (“Difficult to Command”?). Hidas’s edition (p. 32) reads duṣprasaha (“Difficult to Bear”).

n.18This stanza is missing in Yongle, Lithang, Kangxi, Narthang, and Choné.

n.19The Sanskrit in Kano’s edition reads kalpa­koṭisahasrebhir na te gacchanti durgatim, which corresponds to the Stok Palace Kangyur: bskal pa bye ba stong du ni/ de ni ngan ’gror ’gro mi ’gyur, and Phukdrak: bskal pa bye ba stong du yang/ de ni ngan ’gror ’gro mi ’gyur. “They will not go to the lower realms for ten billion eons.”