The Translation

[F.262.a]

1.1Homage to the Three Jewels.

1.1敬禮三寶。

1.2Thus did I hear at one time. The Blessed One was traveling through the land of Vṛji and had arrived in Vaiśālī. He had taken up residence at the Kūṭāgāraśālā, on the banks of the Monkey Pond near Vaiśālī.

1.2我聞如是。一時，薄伽梵遊化於跋耆國，來到毘舍離，住在毘舍離猴池邊的重屋講堂。

1.3At that time, a large group of merchants from Vaiśālī was preparing for a journey to the land of Takṣaśilā in order to trade. These many merchants of Vaiśālī heard that the Blessed One was traveling through the land of Vṛji, had arrived in Vaiśālī, and had taken up residence at the Kūṭāgāraśālā on the banks of the Monkey Pond near Vaiśālī. When they heard this, they gathered in groups and banded together in bands, left Vaiśālī, and went to the Blessed One.

1.3那時，毘舍離有一大群商人，正在準備前往塔克西拉國去做生意。這些毘舍離的眾多商人聽說薄伽梵正在跋耆國遊歷，已經到達毘舍離，並在毘舍離猴池邊的重屋講堂住了下來。他們聽到這個消息後，就聚集在一起，分成各個隊伍，離開毘舍離，前往薄伽梵那裡。

1.4On arrival, they bowed their heads at the Blessed One’s feet and sat to one side. The Blessed One taught, instructed, encouraged, and delighted the many merchants of Vaiśālī, who were seated to one side, with a Dharma talk. Having taught, instructed, encouraged, and delighted them with a Dharma talk on various topics, the Blessed One sat in silence.

1.4他們到達後，在薄伽梵的腳前頂禮，然後坐在一旁。薄伽梵用法語教導、指導、勸勉並使坐在一旁的毘舍離的眾多商人感到歡喜。薄伽梵用各種主題的法語教導、指導、勸勉並使他們感到歡喜後，薄伽梵就靜坐無語。

1.5The many merchants of Vaiśālī then rose from their seats and, draping their robes over their left shoulders, bowed to the Blessed One with joined palms. “Honored One,” they addressed the Blessed One, “we are a large group of merchants from Vaiśālī preparing for a journey to the land of Takṣaśilā in order to trade goods. [F.262.b] Would the Blessed One and the saṅgha of monks agree to take their midday meal at our place tomorrow?”

1.5毘舍離的眾多商人隨即從座位上起身，將衣服披在左肩上，合掌向薄伽梵頂禮。他們對薄伽梵說：「尊者，我們是毘舍離的一大群商人，正在準備前往塔克西拉地區進行貿易。懇請薄伽梵與僧伽明天到我們的地方接受中午的飲食供養。」

1.6The Blessed One assented to the many merchants of Vaiśālī by remaining silent. The many merchants of Vaiśālī recognized that the Blessed One had agreed by remaining silent. They praised what the Blessed One had taught and rejoiced. They bowed their heads at the Blessed One’s feet and departed from his presence.

1.6薄伽梵透過保持沉默而同意了毘舍離的許多商人。毘舍離的許多商人認識到薄伽梵透過保持沉默而已經同意了。他們讚歎薄伽梵所教導的法，並感到歡喜。他們在薄伽梵的足下低頭禮拜，然後從他的面前離開了。

1.7That evening, the many merchants of Vaiśālī carefully prepared pure and wholesome food and drink. Rising early the next morning, they prepared the seating and set out the water jugs. They then extended their invitation to the Blessed One: “Honored One, the meal has been prepared, and the time has come. Please, Blessed One, know that the time has now come.”

1.7那天傍晚，毘舍離的許多商人仔細準備了純淨和善妙的食物與飲料。第二天早上起得很早，他們準備好座位並擺放好水罐。隨後他們向薄伽梵提出邀請：「尊者啊，飯食已經準備好了，時候已經到了。請薄伽梵知道，現在時候已經到了。」

1.8That morning, the Blessed One donned his lower garment and upper robe and took up his alms bowl. Surrounded by a group of monks at the head of the saṅgha of monks, he proceeded to the dining hall of the many merchants of Vaiśālī. When he arrived, he sat on the seat that had been prepared for him amid the gathering of monks. The many merchants of Vaiśālī then bowed their heads at the Blessed One’s feet and sat to one side. The Blessed One gave the following teaching to the many merchants of Vaiśālī, who were seated to one side.

1.8那天早上，薄伽梵穿上下裳和上衣，拿起缽盂。他由僧伽的首位比丘們簇擁著，前往毘舍離眾多商人的齋堂。到達後，他坐在為他準備的座位上，周圍圍坐著僧伽。毘舍離的眾多商人隨後向薄伽梵頂禮，坐在一旁。薄伽梵對坐在一旁的毘舍離眾多商人宣說了以下的教法。

1.9“Merchants, when you are in the wilderness and you feel fear, trepidation, or terror, at that time, you should recollect me through my aspects:

1.9「商人們，當你們身處荒野，感到恐懼、害怕或驚恐時，此時你們應當透過我的各種特質來憶念我：

1.10“The Blessed One is a thus-gone one, a worthy one, [F.263.a] a perfectly and completely awakened one, a learned and virtuous one, a well-gone one, a knower of the world, an unsurpassed leader of those to be trained, a teacher of devas and humans, an awakened one, and a blessed one.

1.10「薄伽梵是善逝者、應供者、正遍知者、明行足、善逝者、世間解、調御丈夫、天人師、佛、薄伽梵。

1.11“Merchants, if at that time you recollect me through my aspects, then whatever fear, trepidation, or terror you are experiencing will subside.

1.11「商人們，如果你們在那時透過我的各種特質來憶念我，那麼你們所經歷的任何恐懼、驚慌或恐怖就會消退。

1.12“If you cannot recollect me, then recollect the Dharma through its aspects:

1.12「如果你們無法憶念我，那麼應當透過法的各種特質來憶念法：

1.13“The Dharma of the Blessed One has been well spoken, it is to be seen for oneself, it is free from ailments, it is timeless, it is a guide, it is there in plain sight, and it is to be experienced by the wise for themselves.

1.13「薄伽梵的法說得很好，是可以自己觀察的，它不含有病痛，它是超越時間的，它是一個指引，它就在眼前，是智者可以親自體驗的。

1.14“Merchants, if at that time you recollect the Dharma through these aspects, then whatever fear, trepidation, or terror you are experiencing will subside.

1.14「商人們，如果在那時你們能透過這些特徵來憶持法，那麼你們所經歷的任何恐懼、驚惶或恐怖就會消退。」

1.15“If you cannot recollect the Dharma, then recollect the Saṅgha through its aspects:

1.15「如果你不能憶念法，那麼就應該通過其特點來憶念僧伽：」

1.16“The Saṅgha of śrāvakas of the Blessed One practice well, they practice in the proper way, they practice with integrity, they practice in the right way, they practice the Dharma as befits the Dharma, and they act in accordance with the Dharma. In the Saṅgha there are those who practice to realize the result of stream entry. In the Saṅgha there are stream enterers. In the Saṅgha there are those who practice to realize the result of once-returners. In the Saṅgha there are once-returners. In the Saṅgha there are those who practice to realize the result of non-returners. In the Saṅgha there are non-returners. In the Saṅgha there are those who practice to realize the result of arhathood. In the Saṅgha there are arhats. [F.263.b] These are the four pairs, the eight types of persons. The Blessed One’s Saṅgha of śrāvakas is replete with discipline, replete with samādhi, replete with wisdom, replete with liberation, and replete with the knowledge and vision of liberation. They are fully worthy of offerings, they are completely worthy of offerings, they are worthy of respect with joined palms, they are worthy of homage. They are the unsurpassed field of merit, the rightful recipients of the offerings of the world.

1.16「薄伽梵的聲聞僧眾修行良好，以正確的方式修行，以正直的方式修行，以恰當的方式修行，按照法來修行法，以及按照法來行動。在僧眾中有為了證得初果而修行的人。在僧眾中有初果聖人。在僧眾中有為了證得二果而修行的人。在僧眾中有二果聖人。在僧眾中有為了證得三果而修行的人。在僧眾中有三果聖人。在僧眾中有為了證得阿羅漢果而修行的人。在僧眾中有阿羅漢。這就是四雙八輩。薄伽梵的聲聞僧眾具足戒學，具足三摩地，具足慧學，具足解脫，具足解脫知見。他們完全值得受供養，徹底值得受供養，值得合掌恭敬，值得禮拜。他們是無上的福田，是世界供養的正當對象。」

1.17“Merchants, if at that time you recollect the Saṅgha through these aspects, then whatever fear, trepidation, or terror you are experiencing will subside.

1.17「商人們，如果在那時你們能夠透過這些方面憶念僧伽，那麼你們所經歷的任何恐懼、驚惶或害怕都將平息。

1.18“Previously, merchants, when a battle between the devas and the asuras was about to break out, Śakra, the lord of the devas, called out to the devas of the Heaven of the Thirty-Three: ‘Friends, when you go into the battle between the devas and the asuras, if you feel any fear, trepidation, or terror, you should at that time recall my crest insignia Vaijayanta. If at that time you recollect my crest insignia Vaijayanta, then whatever fear, trepidation, or terror you are experiencing will subside.

1.18"從前，商人們，當天神與阿修羅即將發生戰爭時，釋提桓因（天神之主）向三十三天的天神們喊話說：'朋友們，當你們進入天神與阿修羅的戰爭時，如果你們感到任何恐懼、害怕或驚駭，你們應該在那時想起我的頂髻勝幢。如果你們在那時想起我的頂髻勝幢，那麼你們正在經歷的任何恐懼、害怕或驚駭都將消散。

1.19“ ‘If you cannot recollect my crest insignia, then recollect the crest insignia of the deva Īśāna. If at that time you recollect the crest insignia of the deva Īśāna, then whatever fear, trepidation, or terror you are experiencing will subside.

1.19「如果你不能憶念我的頂髻，那就憶念大自在天的頂髻。如果你在那時憶念大自在天的頂髻，那麼你正在經歷的任何恐懼、驚惶或驚嚇都會消退。

1.20“ ‘If you cannot recollect the crest insignia of the deva Īśāna, then recollect the crest insignia of the deva Varuṇa. [F.264.a] If at that time you recollect the crest insignia of the deva Varuṇa, then whatever fear, trepidation, or terror you are experiencing will subside.

1.20「如果你們無法想起大自在天的頂髻，那麼就想起水天的頂髻。如果你們在此時想起水天的頂髻，那麼你們所經歷的任何恐懼、驚慌或害怕都會消散。

1.21“In the same way, merchants, when you are in the wilderness and feel fear, trepidation, or terror, at that time, you should recollect me through my aspects:

1.21「同樣地，商人們，當你們在荒野中感到恐懼、害怕或驚恐時，此時你們應當通過我的各種面相而憶念我：

1.22“The Blessed One is a thus-gone one, a worthy one, a perfectly and completely awakened one, a learned and virtuous one, a well-gone one, a knower of the world, an unsurpassed leader of those to be trained, a teacher of devas and humans, an awakened one, and a blessed one.

1.22「薄伽梵是善逝者、應供者、正遍知者、明行足、善逝者、世間解、調御丈夫、天人師、佛、薄伽梵。

1.23“Merchants, if at that time you recollect me through my aspects, whatever fear, trepidation, or terror you are experiencing will subside.

1.23「商人啊，如果你們此時藉由我的各種特質而憶念我，你們所經歷的任何恐懼、驚惶或恐怖都將消退。」

1.24“If you cannot recollect me, then recollect the Dharma through its aspects:

1.24"如果你無法憶念我，那麼你應該通過法的各個方面來憶念法：

1.25“The Dharma of the Blessed One has been well spoken, it is to be seen for oneself, it is free from ailments, it is timeless, it is a guide, it is there in plain sight, and it is to be experienced by the wise for themselves.

1.25「薄伽梵的法是善說的，是可以自己看見的，是無病的，是無時間限制的，是一個指引，是顯而易見的，是聰慧者要自己去體驗的。」

1.26“Merchants, if at that time you recollect the Dharma through its aspects, whatever fear, trepidation, or terror you are experiencing will subside.

1.26「商人們，如果你們在那時能夠通過法的特徵來憶念法，你們正在經歷的一切恐懼、驚慌或恐怖就會平息。

1.27“If you cannot recollect the Dharma, then recollect the Saṅgha through its aspects:

1.27「若汝不能憶念法，則應當通過其特質來憶念僧伽：

1.28“The Saṅgha of śrāvakas of the Blessed One practices well; they practice in the proper way, they practice with integrity, they practice in the right way, they practice the Dharma as befits the Dharma, and they act in accordance with the Dharma. In the Saṅgha there are those who practice to realize the result of stream entry. In the Saṅgha there are stream enterers. [F.264.b] In the Saṅgha there are those who practice to realize the result of once-returners. In the Saṅgha there are once-returners. In the Saṅgha there are those who practice in order to realize the result of non-returners. In the Saṅgha there are non-returners. In the Saṅgha there are those who practice in order to realize the result of arhathood. In the Saṅgha there are arhats. These are the four pairs, the eight types of persons. The Blessed One’s Saṅgha of śrāvakas is replete with discipline, replete with samādhi, replete with wisdom, replete with liberation, and replete with the knowledge and vision of liberation. They are fully worthy of offerings, they are completely worthy of offerings, they are worthy of respect with joined palms, they are worthy of homage. They are the unsurpassed field of merit, the rightful recipients of the offerings of the world.

1.28「薄伽梵的聲聞僧伽修習良好；他們修習得當，他們修習具有正直，他們修習於正道，他們修習與法相應的法，並依法而行。僧伽中有修習以實現初果聖人之果的人。僧伽中有初果聖人。僧伽中有修習以實現二果聖人之果的人。僧伽中有二果聖人。僧伽中有修習以實現三果聖人之果的人。僧伽中有三果聖人。僧伽中有修習以實現阿羅漢果的人。僧伽中有阿羅漢。這就是四雙八輩。薄伽梵的聲聞僧伽圓滿於戒學，圓滿於三摩地，圓滿於慧學，圓滿於解脫，並圓滿於解脫知見。他們完全值得供養，他們完全值得供養，他們值得恭敬合掌禮拜，他們值得頂禮。他們是無上的福田，是世間供養的正當受者。」

1.29“Merchants, if at that time you recollect the Saṅgha through its aspects, whatever fear, trepidation, or terror you are experiencing will subside.”

1.29「商人們，如果那時你們通過觀察聖僧的特徵而思憶聖僧，你們所經歷的任何恐懼、惶恐或驚嚇都會消退。」

1.30Seeing that the Buddha and the saṅgha of monks were comfortably seated, the many merchants of Vaiśālī then graciously served them from their own hands the pure and wholesome foods and drinks and ensured they were satisfied. In various ways, they graciously served them from their own hands the pure and wholesome foods and drinks and ensured their satisfaction, and the Blessed One partook of the midday meal. When the many merchants of Vaiśālī saw that he had placed his alms bowl down and concealed his hands, they spread out low seats and sat before the Blessed One to listen to the Dharma. [F.265.a]

1.30看到佛陀和僧眾舒適地坐定後，毘舍離的許多商人便親手供養他們純淨、清淨的飲食，並確保他們得到滿足。他們以各種方式親手供養純淨、清淨的飲食，確保他們的滿足，薄伽梵受用了午餐。當毘舍離的許多商人看到他放下缽盂、雙手隱沒後，他們就鋪設了低座，坐在薄伽梵面前聽聞法教。

1.31The Blessed One rejoiced with delight at the generosity of the many merchants of Vaiśālī.

1.31薄伽梵對毘舍離許多商人的布施心生歡喜，感到十分欣悅。

“O merchants, you have sustained

「商人啊，你們曾經供養

The saṅgha of monks with food and drink

用食物和飲水供養僧伽

In the manner of wise and noble beings

以聰慧和高尚者的方式

Who, in their wisdom, practice generosity. [1]

誰以慧學修行佈施。

“This is a benediction for your offering.

「這是對你們布施的祝福。

By making this gift, O merchants,

商人啊，通過做這份布施，

May the aims you rightfully desire

願你們正當所欲的目標，都能圓滿達成。

Always be accomplished. [2]

常要圓滿具足。[2]

“May there be goodness for those of you who travel on two feet.

「願你們兩足行走者都得安樂。

May there be goodness for those of you who travel on four feet.

願四足行走者得享安樂。

May there be goodness as you embark upon your journey,

願你們踏上旅程時一切安好，

And may there be goodness when you return. [3]

祝願你們回來時也充滿善良。[3]

“May there be goodness all night and goodness all day,

「願整個夜晚都有好事，願整個白天都有好事，」

And may there be goodness at midday.

祝願你在正午時分也充滿善美。

May you experience goodness in all situations,

願你在一切情況下都經歷善良。

And may negativity never befall you. [4]

願負面的事情永遠不會降臨到你身上。

“When perfect seeds are sown

「當完善的種子被播撒時

In perfect fields

在完美的田地裡

And enjoy perfect rainfall,

並享受完美的降雨，

A perfect harvest will abound. [5]

完美的收穫將會豐盛圓滿。[5]

“When perfectly free from damage,

當完全沒有損害時，

When crops grow with perfection

當莊稼完美地生長時

And burst forth with perfection,

並且完美地綻放。

A perfect harvest will abound. [6]

完美的收成將會豐盛充足。[6]

“So, too, by giving perfect foods

「同樣地，透過提供完美的食物」

To those with perfect discipline,

對於具有完美戒學的人來說，

You will accomplish perfection,

你將圓滿成就。

For your act itself was perfect. [7]

因為你的行為本身就是圓滿的。[7]

“Thus, when people who seek perfection

「因此，當追求完美的人們

And strive toward perfection

並且努力追求圓滿

Attend to those with perfect wisdom,

親近具有完美慧學的人。

Perfection is what they accomplish. [8]

完美是他們所成就的。[8]

“Thus, those with stable faith

「因此，那些信心堅定的人

In the unsurpassed Buddha

在無上的佛陀

And in the Dharma and the Saṅgha

以及在法和僧伽中

Will find perfection of mind. [9]

將能成就心的圓滿。

“Those with perfect thoughts

「具有完美思想的人

Toward the one with knowledge and conduct

向具有智慧和品行的人

Perform virtuous actions.

進行善良的行為。

This is the perfection of action. [10]

這是行為的圓滿。[10]

“When one truly knows the world as it is,

「當一個人真正如實認識世界時，」

One attains the perfection of the view.

一個人達成了見解的圓滿。

When the noble vision is perfectly present,

當高尚的見解圓滿具足時，

One’s mind becomes perfect too. [11] [F.265.b]

人的心境也會變得圓滿。[11] [F.265.b]

“Those who overcome all stains

「那些克服一切污垢的人們

Attain the perfection of nirvāṇa

證得涅槃的圓滿

And extinguish suffering;

並且息滅痛苦；

Their aim is perfectly complete.” [12]

他們的目標圓滿成就。[12]

1.44The Blessed One taught, instructed, encouraged, and delighted the many merchants of Vaiśālī with this Dharma talk. Having taught, instructed, encouraged, and delighted them with this Dharma talk on various topics, the Blessed One rose from his seat and departed.

1.44薄伽梵為毘舍離的眾多商人說法、教導、鼓勵並令其歡喜。用這樣的法語，在各種話題上為他們說法、教導、鼓勵並令其歡喜之後，薄伽梵從座位上起身離開了。

1.45This concludes the Mahāsūtra “ The Crest Insignia .”

1.45（結尾）