Notes

n.1See, for example, Lozang Jamspal and Kaia Tara Fischer, trans., The Hundred Deeds , Toh 340 (84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha, 2020), 3.215–240.

n.2On the notion of “gray texts,” see Davidson 2000.

n.3Reading mchod ston (“meal”) from the Kangxi, Narthang, and Yongle versions instead of the Degé reading, mchod sdong (“sacrificial post”).

n.4This rendering of the transition between Maudgalyāyana’s remark and the Buddha’s speech is based on the Phukdrak version of the text. This version alone makes it clear that the Buddha resumes his discourse after Maudgalyāyana’ confirmation. Degé and the other versions of the text do not explicitly mark the transition, making it appear that Maudgalyāyana keeps speaking.

n.5This translation is tentative.

n.6Reading the attested gnyen po (“adversary”) as gnyen pa (“friend/kinsman/companion”), as that makes more sense contextually.