Notes

n.1See Robson 2009: 30–31. The Chinese translation was not referenced for this translation.

n.2Denkarma, folio 298.b.6. See also Herrmann-Pfandt (2008), p. 89, no. 164.

n.3Phangthangma, p. 14.

n.4Lithang, Narthang, Choné, and Lhasa read sred pa, meaning “craving,” or “thirst.” So, this line could also read, “They have gained certainty in freedom from the suffering of craving.”