Chapter 56
第56章
56.1Then the venerable Subhūti asked the Blessed One, “Blessed Lord, if there are bodhisattva great beings who have not revered the lord buddhas, have not even perfected the roots of virtuous action, and have not even been favored by spiritual mentors, would they not attain all-aspect omniscience?”
56.1爾時尊者須菩提問世尊言：「薄伽梵，若有菩薩摩訶薩未曾恭敬諸佛、未曾成就善根、未曾蒙受善知識攝受者，彼豈不能證得一切智智耶？」
56.2“Subhūti,” replied the Blessed One, “bodhisattva great beings who have not revered the lord buddhas, have not even perfected the roots of virtuous action, and have not even been favored by spiritual mentors will not attain all-aspect omniscience. If you ask why, when even those who have revered the lord buddhas, have perfected the roots of virtuous action, and have attended upon spiritual mentors cannot now attain all-aspect omniscience, how could those who have not revered the lord buddhas, have not perfected the roots of virtuous action, and have not been favored by spiritual mentors possibly attain all-aspect omniscience! That would be impossible. Therefore, Subhūti, bodhisattva great beings who wish to maintain authentically the name of a bodhisattva and [F.149.b] those who wish to swiftly attain consummate buddhahood in unsurpassed, complete enlightenment {Ki.V: 144} should revere the lord buddhas. They should develop manifold roots of virtuous action, and they should attend upon spiritual mentors.”
56.2「須菩提，未曾恭敬諸佛世尊、未曾圓滿善根、未曾蒙受善知識攝受的菩薩摩訶薩，不能成就一切智智。你問為什麼呢？即使那些已經恭敬諸佛世尊、已經圓滿善根、已經親近善知識的菩薩，現在也還不能成就一切智智。那麼未曾恭敬諸佛世尊、未曾圓滿善根、未曾蒙受善知識攝受的菩薩，怎麼可能成就一切智智呢？這是絕對不可能的。因此，須菩提，那些想要真正保有菩薩名號的菩薩摩訶薩，以及那些想要迅速證得無上正等菩提的圓滿佛果的菩薩，應當恭敬諸佛世尊。他們應當培養種種善根，並應當親近善知識。」
56.3“Blessed Lord, why do bodhisattva great beings not attain all-aspect omniscience, even though they have revered the lord buddhas, have perfected the roots of virtuous action, and have attended upon spiritual mentors?”
56.3「世尊，菩薩摩訶薩為什麼即使已經尊敬諸佛、圓滿了善根、親近了善知識，仍然不能證得一切智智呢？」
“It is because they are without skill in means,” replied the Blessed One. “They have not acquired those means from the lord buddhas, nor have they developed such roots of virtuous action, and neither have they attended upon such spiritual mentors who would reveal those means to them. This is why they do not attain [all-aspect omniscience].”
世尊回答說：「這是因為他們缺乏方便善巧。他們沒有從諸佛那裡獲得這些方便，也沒有培養這樣的善根，也沒有親近能為他們開示這些方便的善知識。這就是他們無法證得一切智智的原因。」
56.4“Blessed Lord, what is the skill in means that bodhisattva great beings have, through which they would attain all-aspect omniscience?”
56.4「薄伽梵，菩薩摩訶薩具有什麼樣的方便善巧，才能成就一切智智？」
“In this regard, Subhūti,” replied the Blessed One, “when bodhisattva great beings, commencing from the time when they first begin to set their mind on enlightenment, practice the perfection of generosity, while focusing their attention with all-aspect omniscience in mind they dispense gifts to the lord buddhas, the pratyekabuddhas, the śrāvakas, and to humans and nonhumans. That is to say, through focusing their attention with all-aspect omniscience in mind, as far as those gifts are concerned they do not even have the perception of a gift. They have no perception of a recipient, nor do they have any perception of a giver. In this way they know that all phenomena are empty of their own defining characteristics, and they see that all phenomena are nonexistent, unoriginated, unconsummated, and not brought into being. [F.150.a] Although they penetrate the defining characteristics of all phenomena, they do so through defining characteristics that are unconditioned in that all phenomena are said to be utterly ineffectual. Since they are endowed with such skill in means, they practice the perfection of generosity while increasing their roots of virtuous action. Practicing the perfection of generosity, they bring beings to maturity and refine the buddhafields. But other than that, in practicing the perfection of generosity in order that they might protect all beings and bring beings to maturity, they do not aspire for other fruits of their gifts, such that they would enjoy in cyclic existence.”
「在這方面，須菩提，」世尊回答說，「菩薩摩訶薩從最初發菩提心的時候起，修習布施波羅密。他們心繫一切智智，以此心意焦點進行布施，施予諸佛、辟支佛、聲聞以及人和非人。也就是說，通過心繫一切智智的焦點，就施物本身而言，他們甚至沒有施物的想。他們沒有受者的想，也沒有施者的想。以這種方式，他們知道一切法都空無自相，他們看到一切法都是非有的、無起的、未成的、未造作的。雖然他們通達一切法的相，但他們是通過無為的相來通達的，因為一切法被認為是完全無效的。由於他們具足這樣的方便善巧，他們修習布施波羅密，同時增長善根。修習布施波羅密，他們使眾生成熟並莊嚴佛土。然而除此之外，他們修習布施波羅密以保護一切眾生和使眾生成熟，但他們不希求其他施物之果，以至於他們會在輪迴中享受。」
56.5This completes the fifty-sixth chapter from “The Perfection of Wisdom in Twenty-Five Thousand Lines.”
56.5（結尾）