The Translation
[F.275.a]
1.1Homage to the Omniscient One!
1.1敬禮無所不知的世尊！
1.2Thus did I hear at one time. The Blessed One, the Buddha, was residing in the Deer Park at Ṛṣivadana by Vārāṇasī.At that time the Blessed One spoke to the group of five monks:
1.2我是這樣聽說的。當時，世尊佛陀住在瓦臘那西的鹿野苑仙人住處。那時，世尊對五位比丘的僧團說道：
1.3“Monks, regarding things that I had not previously heard, [F.275.b] as I reflected thoroughly, the vision arose, and the insight, knowledge, understanding, and realization arose: ‘This is suffering, the truth of noble beings.’
1.3「比丘們，關於我之前未曾聽聞的事物，當我深入思惟時，視象生起，洞察、智慧、理解和證悟也隨之生起：『這是苦諦，聖諦。』」
1.4“Monks, regarding things that I had not previously heard, as I reflected thoroughly, the vision arose, and the insight, knowledge, understanding, and realization arose: ‘This is the origin of suffering, this is the cessation of suffering, and this is the path leading to the cessation of suffering.’
1.4「比丘們，關於我之前未曾聽聞過的事物，當我深入思考反省時，視見、洞察、知識、理解與證悟隨之而起：『這是苦的根源，這是苦的止息，這是導向苦的止息之道。』」
1.5“Monks, regarding things that I had not previously heard, as I reflected thoroughly, the vision arose, and the insight, knowledge, understanding, and realization arose: ‘With higher knowledge I should comprehend suffering, that truth of noble beings.’
1.5「比丘們，對於我以前沒有聽聞過的事物，當我徹底思考時，視象、洞察、知識、理解和證悟就生起了：『我應該以上智領悟苦，這個聖諦。』」
1.6“Monks, regarding things that I had not previously heard, as I reflected thoroughly, the vision arose, and the insight, knowledge, understanding, and realization arose: ‘With higher knowledge I should relinquish the origin of suffering, that truth of noble beings.’
1.6「比丘們，關於我先前未曾聽聞過的事物，當我徹底深思熟慮時，遠見智慧、洞察、知識、領悟和證實隨之而生：『我應以上智放棄集諦，即聖諦。』」
1.7“Monks, regarding things that I had not previously heard, as I reflected thoroughly, the vision arose, and the insight, knowledge, understanding, and realization arose: ‘With higher knowledge I should actualize the cessation of suffering, that truth of noble beings.’
1.7「比丘們，關於我之前未曾聽聞的事物，當我徹底思惟時，視象生起，洞見、知識、理解和證悟生起：『我應以上智實現苦的止息，那聖諦。』」
1.8“Monks, regarding things that I had not previously heard, as I reflected thoroughly, the vision arose, and the insight, knowledge, understanding, and realization arose: ‘With higher knowledge I should cultivate the path leading to the cessation of suffering, that truth of noble beings.’
1.8「比丘們，對於我之前未曾聽聞的事物，當我徹底思考時，視見生起了，洞察、知識、理解和證悟生起了：『我應該用上智來修習導向苦諦止息的道諦，那個聖諦。』」
1.9“Monks, regarding things that I had not previously heard, as I reflected thoroughly, the vision arose, and the insight, knowledge, understanding, and realization arose: ‘With higher knowledge I have comprehended suffering, that truth of noble beings.’
1.9「比丘們，對於我以前未曾聽聞過的事，我如實思惟，生起了眼見，生起了洞察、知識、理解和證悟：『我以上智已經徹底理解苦諦，那聖諦。』」
1.10“Monks, regarding things that I had not previously heard, as I reflected thoroughly, the vision arose, and the insight, knowledge, understanding, and realization arose: ‘With higher knowledge I have relinquished the origin of suffering, that truth of noble beings.’ [F.276.a]
1.10「比丘們，對於我以前沒有聽過的事，當我徹底深思時，視見升起了，以及洞察、知識、理解和證悟升起了：『以上智我已經捨棄了苦的集諦，那聖諦。』」
1.11“Monks, regarding things that I had not previously heard, as I reflected thoroughly, the vision arose, and the insight, knowledge, understanding, and realization arose: ‘With higher knowledge I have actualized the cessation of suffering, that truth of noble beings.’
1.11「比丘們，對於我以前沒有聽過的事物，當我徹底地思考反省時，視象生起了，洞察、知識、理解和證悟也生起了：『我用上智已經現證了苦諦的滅諦，這是聖諦。』」
1.12“Monks, regarding things that I had not previously heard, as I reflected thoroughly, the vision arose, and the insight, knowledge, understanding, and realization arose: ‘With higher knowledge I have cultivated the path leading to the cessation of suffering, that truth of noble beings.’
1.12「比丘們，關於我以前沒有聽聞過的事物，當我深入思惟時，視象升起，而且洞見、知識、理解和實證升起：『我以上智已經培育了導向滅苦的道諦，那聖諦。』」
1.13“Monks, until I had achieved the vision, insight, knowledge, understanding, and realization of these four truths of noble beings that are turned in three phases and comprise twelve aspects, I had not been freed from this world with its devas, from its living beings including māras and brahmās as well as mendicants and brahmins, from its gods and humans. I had not escaped from it, severed ties with it, or been delivered from it. Nor did I dwell extensively with a mind free from error. Monks, I did not have the knowledge that I had fully awakened to unsurpassed and perfect buddhahood.
1.13「比丘們，在我尚未證得這四聖諦的視見、洞察、知識、理解和證悟之前，這四聖諦是以三個階段轉動且包含十二個方面的，我還沒有從這個世界解脫，即從具有天神的世界、包括魔和梵天以及沙門和婆羅門的眾生、以及其中的天神和人類解脫。我還沒有逃離它、斷除與它的聯繫，或從它得到救度。我也沒有以無誤的心廣泛地安住。比丘們，我還沒有具有那種知識，即我已經圓滿地覺悟到無上和究竟的佛果。」
1.14“Monks, once I had achieved the vision, insight, knowledge, understanding, and realization of turning these four truths of noble beings in three phases with twelve aspects, I was freed from this world with its devas, from its living beings including māras and brahmās as well as mendicants and brahmins, from its gods and humans. I had escaped from it, severed ties with it, and been delivered from it. I dwelled extensively with a mind free from error. [F.276.b] Monks, I then had the knowledge that I had fully awakened to unsurpassed and perfect buddhahood.”
1.14「比丘們，當我證得了這四聖諦的法眼、洞察、知識、理解和證悟，以三個階段轉化並包含十二個方面時，我從這個世界得到了解脫——包括天神的世界，包括各類生命的世界，以及魔和梵天，還有沙門和婆羅門，以及諸神和人類。我逃脫了它，斷絕了與它的聯繫，並從中得到了救度。我的心安住在廣泛的無誤境界中。比丘們，當時我就具有了這樣的知識：我已經圓滿覺悟了無上圓滿的佛果。」
1.15When the Blessed One had given this Dharma discourse, venerable Kauṇḍinya, along with eighty thousand gods, achieved the Dharma vision that is free from dust and stainless with regard to phenomena.
1.15世尊給出這個法語之後，尊者憍陳如與八萬天神一起，對於現象獲得了離塵無垢的法眼。
1.16The Blessed One now asked venerable Kauṇḍinya, “Kauṇḍinya, did you understand the Dharma?”
1.16世尊問尊者憍陳如：「憍陳如，你理解了這個法嗎？」
“Blessed One,” he replied, “I understood.”
「世尊，」他回答道，「我已證悟。」
“Kauṇḍinya, did you understand? Did you understand?”
「憍陳如，你明白了嗎？你明白了嗎？」
“Well-Gone One,” he replied, “I understood. I understood.”
「善逝者，」他回答，「我已明白。我已明白。」
“Because venerable Kauṇḍinya has understood the Dharma, venerable Kauṇḍinya shall now be known as Ājñātakauṇḍinya.”
「因為尊敬的憍陳如已經理解了法，尊敬的憍陳如現在應該被稱為已解憍陳如。」
1.17At that point the terrestrial yakṣas called out, “Venerable Kauṇḍinya has understood the Dharma!” And they continued, “Friends, in the Deer Park at Ṛṣivadana by Vārāṇasī, the Blessed One has turned the wheel of Dharma in three phases with twelve aspects. He has turned the wheel of Dharma in a way that no mendicant or brahmin, and no god, māra, or Brahmā in the world could ever do in accord with the Dharma. He has done so for the benefit of many beings, for the happiness of many beings, out of love for the world, and for the welfare, benefit, and happiness of gods and humans. Hence, the gods will flourish and the demigods will be on the wane.”
1.17此時，地上的夜叉們大聲呼喊：「尊者憍陳如已經領悟了法！」他們繼續說道：「朋友們，在瓦臘那西的仙人住處鹿野苑，世尊已經轉動了法輪，分三個階段闡述十二個方面。世尊轉動法輪的方式，是世間上任何沙門或婆羅門，以及任何神、魔或梵天都無法按照法來做到的。他這樣做是為了利益眾多的眾生，為了眾多眾生的快樂，出於對世界的慈愛，以及為了神和人的福祉、利益和快樂。因此，諸神將會興盛，而阿修羅將會衰退。」
1.18As the voices of the terrestrial yakṣas rang out—at that very moment, in that very instant, and at that very time—the news passed to the celestial yakṣas, as well as to the gods in the Heaven of the Four Great Kings, the Heaven of the Thirty-Three, the Heaven Free from Strife, the Heaven of Joy, the Heaven of Delighting in Emanations, the Heaven of Making Use of Others’ Emanations, and all the way to the Brahmā realm. Thus, also the gods in the Brahmā realm announced, “Friends, in the Deer Park at Ṛṣivadana by Vārāṇasī, [F.277.a] the Blessed One has turned the wheel of Dharma in three phases with twelve aspects. He has turned the wheel of Dharma in a way that no mendicant or brahmin, and no god, māra, or Brahmā in the world could ever do in accord with the Dharma. He has done so for the benefit of many beings, for the happiness of many beings, out of love for the world, and for the welfare, benefit, and happiness of gods and humans. Hence, the gods will flourish and the demigods will be on the wane.”
1.18當地夜叉的聲音響起的同時，就在那一刻，消息傳到了天界夜叉，以及四大王天、三十三天、夜摩天、兜率天、樂變化天、他化自在天的諸天，一直傳到梵天界。於是梵天界的諸天也宣佈說：「諸友，在瓦臘那西仙人住處的鹿野苑，世尊以三個階段、十二個方面轉了法輪。世尊以一種沙門、婆羅門，以及世界中的任何天、魔或梵天都無法按法去做的方式轉了法輪。他這樣做是為了許多眾生的福利，為了許多眾生的幸福，出於對世界的愛，以及為了天和人的福祉、利益和幸福。因此，諸天將繁榮，阿修羅將衰落。」
1.19In the Deer Park at Ṛṣivadana by Vārāṇasī, the Blessed One turned the wheel of Dharma in three phases with twelve aspects. Therefore, this Dharma teaching was named Turning the Wheel of Dharma.
1.19世尊在瓦臘那西的仙人住處鹿野苑轉了法輪，分三個階段，有十二個方面。因此，這個法的教導被命名為轉法輪。
1.20This completes “The Sūtra of the Wheel of Dharma.”
1.20（結尾）