Notes

n.1In this text, this is a person who practices the five ways of giving.

n.2As McCombs points out, “giving ‘respectfully,’ ‘from one’s own hand,’ and ‘at the right time’ are customs of South Asian gift etiquette” (McCombs 2014, p. 266).

n.3In Mahāyāna literature, this quite common division is discussed, for example, in the Yogācārabhūmi‍—in particular, the Dānapaṭala chapter of Bodhisattva­bhūmi. Cf. Wogihara, 132.19–22 [ tatra katamad bodhisattvasya satpuruṣasya satpuruṣadānaṃ / yad bodhisattvaḥ śraddhayā dānaṃ dadāti satkṛtya svahastena kālena parān anupahatya / idaṃ bodhisattvasya satpuruṣasya satpuruṣa­dānam ity ucyate /]. Cf. also the interpretation of that fragment in McCombs (2014), p. 265ff.

n.4In addition to texts found in the Kangyur, Dharmākara and Zangkyong also translated two commentaries in the Tengyur (Toh 4015 and 4038).

n.5See Herrmann-Pfandt 2008, pp. 157–58, no. 285. Note, however, as pointed out by Herrmann-Pfandt, that the length of the text as given in the Denkarma catalog (200 ślokas) does not match the length of this text. Herrmann-Pfandt suggests that this text may either be an excerpt from a longer version, or that the length given in the Denkarma is incorrect.

n.6Cf. Sappurisadana Sutta: A Person of Integrity’s Gifts, trans. Thanissaro Bhikkhu, https://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/an/an05/an05.148.than.html

n.7For more on the term śraddhā (Tib. dad pa), translated here as “trust,” see Rotman (2009), pp. 29ff.

n.8There are two alternative readings of this fragment, namely rngul zhing dri ma chags chags in most of the editions and rngul med zhing dri ma chags chags in the Stok Palace version. chags chags is probably a misspelling for chag chag (“to sprinkle”). Also, the negation med provides a better meaning in the context, referring to easy achievement of the results. Thus, we read this line as rngul med zhing dri ma chag chag and translate accordingly.