Notes

n.1Although the title in the Degé version only reads Taking Refuge in the Three, we have added Jewels based on the title as it appears in the Stok Palace manuscript. This is also clearly the subject and meaning of the text.

n.2The Denkarma catalog is dated to ca. 812 ᴄᴇ. See Denkarma, folio 301.a.3. See also Herrmann-Pfandt (2008), p. 162, no. 298.

n.3Skilling (2021), pp. 189–98.

n.4Tibetan: ma ru ka’i til mar.

n.5Translated based on Choné, Lithang, Kangxi, Yongle, and Narthang: sgo mtha’ yas pa. Degé and Stok: sgo mtha’ yas pas.