Notes

n.1See Denkarma: 297.a.6 (Toh 153), 299.a.5 (Toh 154), and 300.a.2 (Toh 155). See also Herrmann-Pfandt 2008: Toh 153 = no. 96 (p. 55), Toh 154 = no. 187 (p. 100), Toh 155 = no. 237 (p. 125).

n.2Toh 154 contains a section of nearly two folios that is not included in Toh 153. We have noted this section in the translation.

n.3These two colophons are those of the Stok Palace and Shey Palace, which both belong to the Thempangma (thems spang ma) group of Kangyurs. S, Z: mdo che ba’i nang nas bkod pa snang ngo.

n.4Chinese: 十善業道經 (Shishan ye dao jing). This text has been translated into English from the Chinese at least three times: Saddhaloka 1996; Rulu 2012; and Wong, n.d.

n.5Chinese: 佛為娑伽羅龍王所說大乘經 (Fo wei suo jia luo long wang suoshuo dasheng jing).

n.6This is a standardized formula that is very commonly repeated; a version is even found, for example, in the Upajjhatthana Sutta of the Pali Canon, as the fifth of the five recollections. These recollections are recited daily by many modern Theravāda Buddhists.

n.7This translation is tentative. The Tibetan reads, bdag ji ltar gyur cing nyin zhag rnams ’gro zhig gu snyam du dge ba’i chos rnams la rab tu rtog pa’o.

n.8Reading glon from S in place of lon.

n.9Reading dga’ ba from S, C, D: dgab pa.

n.10The following section detailing the negative effects of engaging in the ten nonvirtuous acts, until the beginning of the section on engaging with generosity (starting on 1.­33: “Lord of nāgas, if bodhisattvas who have forsaken killing engage in generosity”) is absent from Toh 153. See the introduction (i.­2) for more information on this sūtra.